ISSN 1674-3865  CN 21-1569/R
主管：国家卫生健康委员会
主办：中国医师协会
　　　辽宁省基础医学研究所
　　　辽宁中医药大学附属医院
中国中西医结合儿科学

中国中西医结合儿科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (3): 237-240.

• 临床研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

坏死性小肠结肠炎早产儿临床特征及影响因素分析

  

  • 出版日期:2023-06-25 上线日期:2023-11-22

Clinical characteristics and influencing factors of premature infants with necrotizing enterocolitis

  • Published:2023-06-25 Online:2023-11-22

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摘要： 目的 分析坏死性小肠结肠炎(NEC)早产儿的临床特征及引发NEC的相关危险因素。方法 随机选取2020年1月至2022年12月在新乡医学院第一附属医院分娩的早产儿160例，根据有无NEC分为NEC组40例和非NEC组120例。比较两组各项临床资料，经二元Logistic回归分析总结早产儿NEC发生相关影响因素。结果 NEC组早产儿发病时间为出生后1～22 d,临床主要表现为便血、腹胀、呕吐、肠鸣音减弱、肌张力减弱、肠穿孔等症状。NEC组性别、胎龄、新生儿出生1 min Apgar评分、分娩方式、母亲妊娠期疾病、胎膜早破发生情况与非NEC组比较，差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。NEC组与非NEC组的人工喂养率、新生儿窒息率、输血率、败血症发生率比较，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。二元Logistic回归分析显示，母乳喂养、预防性应用益生菌是早产儿NEC保护性因素，新生儿窒息、输血、败血症都是导致早产儿发生NEC的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论 NEC临床表现多样，其发病与新生儿窒息、输血、败血症等多方面因素有关，纯母乳喂养和预防性使用益生菌可降低早产儿的NEC发生风险，临床可根据早产儿NEC发生相关危险因素，积极做好预防，最大限度降低早产儿的NEC发生风险

关键词: 坏死性小肠结肠炎, 早产儿, 临床特征, 影响因素

Abstract: ObjectiveTo analyze the clinical characteristics of premature infants with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and related risk factors for NEC.MethodsA total of 160 premature infants delivered in our hospital from January 2020 to December 2022 were randomly selected.They were divided into NEC group and non-NEC group according to the presence or absence of NEC.The clinical data of the two groups were compared,and the relevant factors affecting the occurrence of NEC in premature infants were summarized by binary logistic regression analysis.ResultsThe onset time of premature infants in NEC group was 1 to 22 days after birth,and the main clinical manifestations were bloody stool,abdominal distension,vomiting,decreased bowel sounds,decreased muscle tone,and intestinal perforation.There was no statistically significant difference between the NEC group and the non NEC group in terms of gender,gestational age,Apgar score at 1 minute of birth,delivery method,maternal gestational diseases,or the incidence of premature rupture of membranes(P>0.05).There were statistical differences in artificial feeding rate,neonatal asphyxia rate,blood transfusion rate,and sepsis incidence between NEC group and non NEC group (P<0.05).Binary logistic regression analysis showed that breastfeeding and preventive use of probiotics were protective factors for NEC in premature infants,while neonatal asphyxia,blood transfusion,and sepsis were independent risk factors for NEC in premature infants (P<0.05).ConclusionNEC is most likely to occur in premature infants,the clinical manifestations of NEC are diverse,and its incidence is related to multiple factors such as neonatal asphyxia,blood transfusion,and sepsis.Pure breastfeeding and preventive use of probiotics can reduce the risk of NEC in premature infants.In clinical practice,prevention can be actively carried out based on the risk factors related to the occurrence of NEC in premature infants to minimize the risk of NEC in premature infants.

Key words:

Necrotizing enterocolitis, Premature infant, Clinical characteristics, Influencing factor