ISSN 1674-3865  CN 21-1569/R
主管:国家卫生健康委员会
主办:中国医师协会
   辽宁省基础医学研究所
   辽宁中医药大学附属医院

中国中西医结合儿科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (6): 468-472.

• 儿童脑性瘫痪康复专栏 • 上一篇    下一篇

前庭康复训练对脑性瘫痪患儿影响的研究进展

  

  • 出版日期:2022-12-25 上线日期:2023-11-23

Research progress of vestibular rehabilitation training for children with cerebral palsyYU Chaonan

  • Published:2022-12-25 Online:2023-11-23

摘要: 脑性瘫痪是以运动障碍、姿势异常、肌力和肌张力改变为表现的一组综合征。前庭系统的主要功能为维持头部及躯干稳定,保持身体平衡及动作协调,脑瘫患儿的前庭功能损害会导致平衡功能受损、姿势控制不良、眼球运动困难、头眼协调能力差及运动发育延迟等。前庭康复训练是一种个体化的非药物性的康复治疗项目,其主要通过前庭适应、前庭习服、前庭代偿等机制,通过反复强化前庭感受器,提高神经细胞兴奋性,促进损伤的脑组织区域产生新的神经通路,从而有效改善患者的运动功能、姿势控制、平衡能力、肌力和肌张力、眼球运动等。目前,前庭康复训练在成人中已被广泛应用于帕金森、脑卒中、脊髓损伤、阿尔茨海默病等患者,在儿童中也被应用于孤独症谱系障碍、注意力缺陷多动障碍、全面发育迟缓等患儿,对脑性瘫痪患儿影响的研究报道较少。基于上述背景,文章对前庭康复训练机制以及国内外有关前庭康复训练对脑性瘫痪患儿治疗的研究进展情况进行总结,以期为更好地改善脑性瘫痪患儿生活质量提供帮助。

关键词: 脑性瘫痪, 前庭康复, 临床研究

Abstract: Cerebral palsy is a group of syndromes characterized by movement disorders,abnormal posture,musclestrength and muscle tension changes. The main function of the vestibular system is to maintain the stability of the head and trunk,maintain body balance and motor coordination. The vestibular function damage of children with cerebral palsy can lead to impaired balance function,poor posture control,difficulty in eye movement,poor head-eye coordination and delayed motor development. Vestibular rehabilitation training is an individualized non-drug rehabilitation treatment, which,mainly through vestibular adaptation,vestibular acclimatization,vestibular compensation and other mechanisms and through repeated strengthening of vestibular receptors,improves the excitability of nerve cells and promotes the injury of brain tissue area to produce new neural pathways,so as to effectively improve the patient′s motor function,posture control,balance ability,muscle strength and muscle tension,eye movement and so on. At present,vestibular rehabilitation training has been widely used in adults with Parkinson′s disease,stroke,spinal cord injury,Alzheimer′s disease. It has also been used in children with autism spectrum disorder,attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,and global developmental delay. There are few reports on the effects of vestibular rehabilitation training on children with cerebral palsy. Based on the above background,this paper summarizes the vestibular rehabilitation training mechanism of vestibular rehabilitation training in the treatment of children with cerebral palsy at home and abroad,in order to provide help for better improving the quality of life of children with cerebral palsy.

Key words:

Cerebral palsy, Vestibular rehabilitation, Clinical research