ISSN 1674-3865  CN 21-1569/R
主管：国家卫生健康委员会
主办：中国医师协会
　　　辽宁省基础医学研究所
　　　辽宁中医药大学附属医院
中国中西医结合儿科学

中国中西医结合儿科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (5): 419-413.

• 调查研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

胎龄<34周呼吸窘迫综合征早产儿1岁时神经心理发育的随访研究

  

  • 出版日期:2022-10-25 上线日期:2023-11-24

Neuropsychological development at the age of 1 year in preterm infants ＜34 weeks with respiratory distress syndrome:a follow-up study

  • Published:2022-10-25 Online:2023-11-24

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摘要： 目的 探讨新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(RDS)对早产儿1岁时神经心理发育的影响。方法 选取2016年1月至2019年12月在本院产科分娩，生后收治NICU住院治疗，且出院后定期在高危儿门诊随访满1年的240例早产儿作为研究对象，根据早产儿在新生儿期是否合并RDS分为RDS组99例和非RDS组141例。采用Gesell发育量表评估两组早产儿纠正胎龄1岁时神经心理发育状况及差异。结果 RDS组早产儿在纠正胎龄1岁时适应性、大运动、精细动作、个人社交发育商(DQ)均落后于非RDS组早产儿，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),语言发育DQ差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);RDS组早产儿5个能区DQ异常发生率(DQ<85分)均明显高于非RDS组早产儿，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);采用多因素Logistic回归分析矫正相关影响因素后发现，与非RDS组早产儿相比，RDS组早产儿适应和语言DQ异常风险更高，OR值分别为0.460和0.743,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 RDS早产儿在1岁时神经心理发育水平落后于非RDS早产儿，且神经发育异常风险增高，临床应重视RDS早产儿出院后随访保健，早期干预

关键词: 呼吸窘迫综合征, 神经心理发育, 随访, 早产儿

Abstract: ObjectiveTo investigate the influence of respiratory distress syndrome(RDS) on the neuropsychological development of preterm infants at the age of 1 year. MethodsA total of 240 preterm infants who were born in our hospital from Jan. 2016 to Dec. 2019 hospitalized in the NICU and followed up for one year after discharge in the high-risk infant clinic were selected as the study subjects. According to the diagnosis, the preterm infants were divided into the RDS group(n=99) and the non-RDS group(n=141), and the neuropsychological development of preterm infants at corrected gestational age of 1 year were evaluated by the Gesell Scale.ResultsAt the corrected gestational age of 1 year, the DQ of adaptability, great motor ability, fine motor ability and personal social ability of RDS preterm infants was behind that of non-RDS preterm infants, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05), while the difference in language development DQ was not statistically significant(P>0.05).The abnormal DQ rates(DQ<85 points) in the five energy regions of RDS preterm infants were significantly higher than those of non-RDS preterm infants, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to correct the relevant influencing factors, and it was found that compared with non-RDS preterm infants, RDS preterm infants had a higher risk of abnormal development of adaptive ability and language ability(OR=0.460/0.734,P<0.05).ConclusionThe neuropsychological development of RDS preterm infants falls behind that of non-RDS preterm infants at the age of 1 year, and the rate of neurodevelopmental abnormality is increased. Clinical attention should be paid to the follow-up care and early intervention of RDS preterm infants.

Key words:

Respiratory distress syndrome, Neuropsychological development, Follow-up, Preterm infants