关键词: 肌张力低下, 全面发育迟缓, 康复评估, 活动和参与能力, 儿童

Abstract: Hypomyotonia accompanied by growth retardation is an early symptom and sensitive sign of global developmental delay(GDD) in infants and young children,and is one of the early clinical manifestations of neurodevelopmental disorders and genetic metabolic diseases,which has a high incidence rate.According to the location of neuromuscular damage and involvement,hypotonia can be divided into three types:central hypotonia(CH),peripheral hypotonia(PH),or mixed hypotonia(MH).On the basis of etiological diagnosis of hypotonia,clinical evaluation and rehabilitation evaluation are conducted.Rehabilitation evaluation includes assessment of motor development level,developmental evaluation,evaluation of communication ability,and evaluation of daily life activity ability.Under the theoretical framework of the international classification of functioning,disability,and health(children and youth edition)(ICF-CY),the methods such as exercise therapy,traditional Chinese medicine rehabilitation,neuromuscular electrical stimulation,intramuscular patches,and assistant braces are adopted to promote the development of anti-gravity postures.Based on function-orientation and with the goal being to continuously improve activity and participation abilities,environmental factors such as rehabilitation aids are used to modify and improve the ability of daily life activities.

Key words: Hypotonia；Global developmental delay, Rehabilitation assessment；Activity and participation ability；Child