Abstract: The pathogenesis of primary enuresis is relatively complex. Currently，genetic factors，endocrine factors，bladder dysfunction，developmental retardation，nervous system dysplasia and mental factors are considered as the main research directions of the etiology of the disease. Based on the literatures related to the pathogenesis of primary enuresis in children in the databases, the pathogenesis is retrospectively reviewed, and the latest research progress in all levels is preliminarily summarized. After analysis, it is suggested that the pathogenesis of this disease tends to be multivariate, which provides the directions and lines of thinking for the research in making clinical comprehensive treatment plans.

Key words: Primary enuresis, Pathogenesis, Multiple factors, children