Abstract: Refractory nephrotic syndrome(RNS) is difficult to treat and has a high recurrence rate. Modern research has found that patients are often accompanied by an increase in total IgE in peripheral blood, which has many similarities with atopic diseases. It is speculated that the pathogenesis and cytokine changes are similar between RNS and atopic dermatitis(AD). The clinical treatment for RNS combined with AD is more challenging. Professor Wang Xuefeng, based on the theory of the Huangdi Inner Canon, proposes that there are three phases of "powerful fire inside", "powerful fire consuming qi" and "junior fire insufficiency" in the corticosteroid therapy for RNS. She believes that the key pathogenesis of steroid-dependent(SDNS) and frequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome(FRNS) is "powerful fire consuming qi", and the focus in the treatment of SDNS/FRNS is to maintain the function of junior fire generating qi, and to reduce the side effects of "powerful fire consuming qi", so as to prevent steroid dependence and frequent recurrence. Also, RNS combined with AD is different fromcommon sores and furuncles; it is Yin deficiency, body weakness and toxin strength. After the lesion is removed, the toxin has not gone and Yin becomes less, so the disease is difficult to heal. Professor Wang Xuefeng emphasizes that different medications should be used for different stages of NS, and she pays attention to Qi nourishing and Yin nourishing, which had a good clinical effect. 

Key words:

Refractory nephrotic syndrome, Atopic dermatitis, Steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome, Frequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome, Junior fire, Powerful fire, Famous doctor's experience