Table of Content

25 June 2017, Volume 9 Issue 3 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Application of core stability training combined with comprehensive rehabilitation training in rehabilitation treatment of children with cerebral palsy LIU Dongzhi, SHANG Qing 2017, 9 (3):  185-187.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-3865.2017.03.001 Abstract ( 586 )   PDF (327KB) ( 105 )   Save Objective To analyze the effects of core stability training combined with comprehensive rehabilitation training in rehabilitation treatment of children with cerebral palsy. Methods A total of 86 children with cerebral palsy treated in the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital from February 2014 to July 2016 were randomly divided into the observation group (n=44) and the control group(n=42). Both groups were given traditional comprehensive rehabilitation training, and the observation group was additionally given core stability training. All patients were treated for 12 weeks. The gross motor function measurement(GMFM-88) and the Peabody developmental motor scale(PDMS-2) were used to assess their fine motor development quotient(FMQ), and the functional independence rating scale for children(WeeFIM) was used to evaluate their motor function. Results After treatment, the scores of GMFM88, FMQ and WeeFIM in the control group were (57.82±14.73), (70.54±9.84) and (53.62±13.41), which were all lower than those in the observation group were (74.66±14.83), (74.63±8.56) and (58.36±8.56), there was significantly statistical difference(P<0.05). Conclusion Core stability training combined with comprehensive rehabilitation training can effectively improve the neuromotor function and the living ability of children with cerebral palsy. Related Articles | Metrics

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Observation on the curative effect of Qianjin Weijing decoction and Maxing Shigan decoction combined with azithromycin in the treatment of children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia HUANG Wenxian，HE Wei，LUO Guangliang，ZHANG Junqi 2017, 9 (3):  188-190.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-3865.2017.03.002 Abstract ( 803 )   PDF (335KB) ( 207 )   Save Objective To explore the curative effect of Qianjin Weijing decoction and Maxing Shigan decoction combined with azithromycin in the treatment of children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. Methods Fifty cases of children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in our hospital from May 2015 to May 2016 were selected as the research objects and were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group with 25 cases in each group. Patients in the control group were treated with azithromycin for 4 cycles, while patients in the observation group were treated with Qianjin Weijing decoction and Maxing Shigan decoction combined with azithromycin for 4 cycles. The extinction time of cough, expectoration, and focus, duration of fever after treatment and the incidence of adverse reactions in children in two groups were observed. Results The extinction time of cough, expectoration and focus, and duration of fever after treatment in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was 12.0%(3/25),and compared with 36.0%(9/25) in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Qianjin Weijing decoction and Maxing Shigan decoction combined with azithromycin in the treatment of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia has significant effect. This treatment can not only shorten the time of symptom improvement, but also offset the adverse reaction caused by azithromycin, which is safe and effective and worthy of promotion. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical research advance in the prevention and treatment of childhood asthma with Chinese medicine LI Wei，LIU Lu，SUN Liping，DING Lizhong，WANG Zhongtian 2017, 9 (3):  191-194.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-3865.2017.03.003 Abstract ( 792 )   PDF (501KB) ( 202 )   Save Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases in the world today. In recent years, a large number of medical studies have shown that Chinese medicine has a definite effect on asthma in children. This article reviews the research progress of Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of asthma in children in recent years based on traditional Chinese medicine, massage therapy, acupoint therapy, cupping therapy, acupuncture treatment and acupoint burying pills, in the hope of providing more references and methods for the basic research and clinical prevention and treatment of asthma in Chinese medicine. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical study on the prevention and treatment of feeding intolerance in infants who were implemented prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV with pressing acupoints MA Bingnan 2017, 9 (3):  194-197.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.167-3865.2017.03.004 Abstract ( 823 )   PDF (475KB) ( 137 )   Save Objective To observe the clinical effect of pressing acupoints on feeding intolerance in infants who were implemented prevention of mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV). Methods A total of 102 cases of prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in infants, who were treated in the Guangzhou Eighth People′s Hospital from July 2013 to July 2015,were randomly divided into observation group(52 cases) and control group(50 cases).The two groups began to be given formula feeding within 4 hours after birth, and were also given nevirapine suspension(1.5 mL/time, once a day),for antiviral treatment to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV. The amount of formula milk would be adjusted individually according to the neonatal feeding tolerance. If the blood sugar was low or energy intake through mouth was insufficient, it was necessary to give intravenous nutrition treatment. The observation group was added the treatment of pressing acupoints during the study period. If newborn babies in observation group had stable vital signs, the treatment of pressing acupoints would begin 24 hours after birth. Acupoints selecting: Zusanli, Zhongwan, Tianshu, Pishu and Weishu. Press time of each acupoint started from 1 minute each time; when newborn babies were adaptive, it would be gradually extended to 2 minutes each time, 2 times a day. Two groups were not given gastrointestinal promoting medicine during the study period. The observation indexes included the incidence of feeding intolerance, the speed to increase feeding quantity, the time for whole gastrointestinal feeding through mouth, and the time of returning to birth weight. Results Compared with the control group,the speed to increase feeding quantity was faster, the time for whole gastrointestinal feeding through mouth was shorter, the incidence of feeding intolerance was lower, and the time of returning to birth weight was shorter in the observation group, and these differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). The incidence rate of vomiting, abdominal distension, gastric retention and difficulty in increase of milk volume was lower in the observation group than in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion Pressing acupoints is effective in the prevention and treatment of feeding intolerance in infants who were implemented prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation of nuclear magnetic resonance imaging T2* for iron overload in the brain tissue in patients with severe beta thalassemia LONG Qi, CHEN Guangfu, WANG Wuni 2017, 9 (3):  198-201.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-3865.2017.03.005 Abstract ( 586 )   PDF (417KB) ( 149 )   Save Objective To analyze the application values of nuclear magnetic resonance functional imaging T2* in evaluation of iron overload in brain tissue in patients with severe beta thalassemia. Methods Totally 100 cases of patients with severe beta thalassemia receiving long-term high-volume transfusion who accepted treatments and were hospitalized in the Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen City of Department of Pediatrics from January 2009 to September 2016 were included as the observation group, and another 25 cases of healthy subjects who underwent magnetic resonance imaging (T2*) examination were selected as control group. According to serum ferritin level, the observation group were divided into two subgroups: mild group (1.0 to 2.5 g/L) of 57 cases, severe group (>2.5 g/L) of 43 cases. Then, the observation group and the control group underwent magnetic resonance imaging T2* examination, and the T2* values of different parts of brain tissue were compared between the two groups; the levels of T2* and CSF iron metabolism protein in brain tissue of mild group and severe group were compared and analyzed. Results The T2* values of different parts of brain tissue in the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group, the difference being statistically significant (P<0.05). T2* values of different parts of brain tissue in the observation group were (from low to high):globus pallidus<corpora rubrum<lack substance<dorsal caudate putamen<corpora dentatum<caudate nucleus<gray matter<leukoencephalopathy<cerebella. The T2* value of brain tissue, transferrin, ferrous transporter membrane protein 1 and heme oxidase-1 in the severe group were significantly lower those in the mild group(P<0.05),and the ferritin, ceruloplasmin and hepcidin were significantly higher than the mild group(P<0.05).The transferrin, ferrous transporter membrane protein 1, heme oxidase-1 and T2* values showed positive correlation(r=0.309,0.617,0.326，P＜0.05),while the ferritin, ceruloplasmin and hepcidin showed negative correlation with T2*(r=-0.512,-0.474,-0.639，P＜0.05). Conclusion The nuclear magnetic resonance imaging T2* technology is helpful to evaluate the iron overload in brain tissue and assess the degree of disease in patients with beta-TM, thus it is worthy of being clinically promoted and applied. Related Articles | Metrics

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Observation on the effect of endotracheal intubation of Calsurf in different ways in the treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome in primary hospitals LIU Xiangrong, BIAN Zangyan, LI Shuang 2017, 9 (3):  201-204.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-3865.2017.03.006 Abstract ( 586 )   PDF (430KB) ( 83 )   Save Objective To summarize the effect of endotracheal intubation of Calsurf in the traditional way or in the modified way in the treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome(NRDS). Methods A total of 96 neonates were selected as the research subjects, who were admitted to Hejian People's Hospital for NRDS between Jan. 2013 to Aug. 2016.Among them,48 neonates were treated with endotracheal intubation of Calsurf in the modified way (modified group) and the other 48 received the intubation in the traditional way (traditional group). The following data were compared between the two groups: the oxygen saturation and heart rate, drug reflux and cynosis of skin during the administration of the medicine, the blood gas result of 2h after treatment, the relief of dyspnea of 12h and 48h after treatment, mechanical ventilation, total time of oxygen use, and the length of hospital stay. Results During the treatment,oxygen saturation and heart rate in modified group were obviously higher than those in traditional group, while the incidence of drug reflux and facial cyanosis was much lower, the difference being statistically significant(P<0.05). Two hours after treatment, PaO2 and pH value in modified group were higher than those in traditional group, while PaCO2 was lower, and there was significant statistical difference(P<0.05).The total relief of dyspnea at 12h and 24h after treatment was better in modified group, and the difference was of statistical significance(P<0.05).The time of CPAP and mechanical ventilation and the total time of oxygen use were all shorter in the modified group, the difference being statistical(P<0.05). The length of hospital stay had no statistical difference（P>0.05）. Conclusion The treatment with endotracheal intubation of Calsurf in the modified way has less interference in the treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, which can reduce or even avoid anoxia during the treatment and thus improve the effect of treatment; it is easy to perform and is worth promoting in the neonatal department of primary hospitals.   Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical effect of fresh frozen plasma treatment for VLBW infants MENG Xiantao，CUI Peicong，CHEN Wencai,MA Kewei，MA Hongbin，WANG Guoqing，ZHANG Shaopeng，MENG Xianbo，XU Zhong，LA Chunhua，YIN Huaiyuan，WANG Xiaoyu 2017, 9 (3):  205-209.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-3865.2017.03.007 Abstract ( 567 )   PDF (539KB) ( 117 )   Save Objective To summarize the clinical efficacy of fresh frozen plasma treatment for very-low-birth-weight infant. Methods A total of 162 cases of premature babies were included in the study, who were treated in Neonatology Departments of Linxia People's Hospital between January 2013 and November 2015. The 72 children who were hospitalized between Jan. 2013 to Jan. 2014 were chosen as the control group, and the 90 children from Feb. 2014 to Nov. 2015 as the observation group. The control group was given the treatment of maintaining blood sugar, preventing infection, promoting lung mature and feeding properly, while the observation group was treated by venous infusion of fresh frozen plasma, 10～15 mL/kg,3 to 7 times, in addition to the treatment for control group. Observe the incidence of infection, organ bleeding, feeding intolerance, hypoglycemia, multiple organ failure, phototherapy duration, length of hospital stay and the mortality. Results The incidence rate of infection, organ bleeding, feeding intolerance, hypoglycemia, multiple organ failure and the mortality in observation group was lower than that of the control group,and there was statistical difference(P<0.05). The phototherapy duration and length of hospital stay were shorter, compared with the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion The use of fresh frozen plasma in the treatment of very-low-birth-weight premature infants can reduce the incidence of organ bleeding, infection, feeding intolerance, hypoglycemia, and multiple organ failure. At the same time, there is no transfusion related infectious disease in the observation group, so it is safe and effective. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical value of  early use of pulmonary surfactant in children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia WANG Qingli, GUO Shaohui, LI Yuanyuan 2017, 9 (3):  209-211.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-3865.2017.03.008 Abstract ( 506 )   PDF (337KB) ( 283 )   Save Objective To analyze the clinical value of early use of pulmonary surfactant(PS) in children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD). Methods From March 2013 to May 2016, 68 children with BPD were admitted to the Neonatal Department of Henan Hongli Hospital. They were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group, each with 34 cases. The control group was treated with conventional mechanical ventilation and oxygen inhalation, and the observation group was treated with PS in addition to the conventional treatment. The oxygen intake time, mechanical ventilation time and pulmonary function were compared between the two groups. The treatment lasted for 2 weeks in both groups. Results In the observation group, oxygen time and mechanical ventilation time were significantly shorter than the control group, the difference being statistically significant (P<0.05); the lung function at 1 year and 2 years old was significantly better in observation group than the control group, the difference being statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The early application of PS in the treatment of BPD is effective, which can shorten the time of mechanical ventilation, reduce lung injury and improve lung function, and is worthy of promotion. Related Articles | Metrics

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Xingbi gel in the treatment of allergic rhinitis and its effect on the expression of interleukin 4,13 and thymic stromal lymphopoietin in children QIU Caixia，ZHENG Jian，AI Si，MA Anyang，WENG Kehan，LI Xuwei 2017, 9 (3):  212-215.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-3865.2017.03.009 Abstract ( 578 )   PDF (410KB) ( 119 )   Save Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of Chinese medicine "Xingbi gel nasal drops" in treating allergic rhinitis(AR) in children and find out the correlation of IL-4, IL-13, and TSLP with AR, and in turn to reveal the mechanism of the onset of AR and the mechanism of Chinese traditional medicine "Xingbigel nasal drops" for treating allergic rhinitis in children. Methods Totally 60 children diagnosed with allergic rhinitis were included in the study, and divided into two groups: the group of traditional Chinese medicine(30 children) and that of western medicine(30 children).Ten healthy volunteer children were included as the control group. The TCM group was treated with Xingbi gel and the western group was treated with budesonide nasal spray, the treatment lasting for 2 courses, with 2 weeks in each course. Before and after treatment, the level of serum IL-4, IL-13 and TSLP was determined, the symptom score and visual analog scale were evaluated, and the clinical effect was observed. Results After 4 weeks of treatment, the difference in total effective rate was of no statistical significance between the two treatment groups(P>0.05). After 4 weeks of treatment , the level of IL-4, IL-13 and TSLP in the two treatment groups was significantly lower than before treatment(P<0.05); their levels were higher than the healthy control group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The level of IL-4 and IL-13 in TCM group was significantly lower than that in western group(P<0.05). There was no statistical difference in the TSLP level between the TCM group and western group(P>0.05). After 4 weeks of treatment, the total symptom score and visual analog scale score of TCM group were lower than before treatment, and there was statistical difference(P<0.05); the visual analog scale score was lower in the TCM group than that in the western group, and the difference was of statistical significance(P<0.05). Conclusion The Chinese medicine, Xingbi gel, down-regulates the level of IL-4，IL-13 and TSLP in children with allergic rhinitis and regulate the immune balance mechanism of the body, thus intervening allergic rhinitis, and improving the clinical symptoms. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical observation on the treatment for children with chronic functional constipation by Cannabis pill CHANG Yushuang 2017, 9 (3):  216-218.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-3865.2017.03.010 Abstract ( 792 )   PDF (319KB) ( 322 )   Save Objective To observe the clinical effect of Cannabis pill on gastrointestinal heat syndrome in children with chronic functional constipation. Methods A total of 100 children with chronic constipation, who were diagnozed in TCM Hospital of Changping District in Beijing from Jul. 2014 to Dec. 2014, were randomly divided into two groups: the observation group and the control group, 50 cases in each. The observation group was treated with Cannabis pill(modified) and the control group received live combined granules of Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus faecium. The treatment lasted one month for both groups. Observe the clinical effect of the two groups as well as the effect on the main symptoms and signs. Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 96.0%(48/50), higher than that of the control group was (78.0% ,39/50),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The effective rate of observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group on such symptoms and as dry feces, lengthening interval of bowel movement, dry mouth and bad breath, flushing, fever and being upset, and there was statistical difference (P<0.05). There was no statistical difference between the two groups on the improvement of abdominal distention and pain and difficult defecation(P>0.05). Conclusion Cannabis pill has significant effect on chronic constipation in children(gastrointestinal heat syndrome). Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of aerosol inhalation of pulmicort respules combined with Combivent on immune function in children with asthma LAI Huaji, LIN Shijiang, LI Yonghua, HE Gaofeng, RAO Huiling 2017, 9 (3):  219-221.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-3865.2017.03.011 Abstract ( 526 )   PDF (323KB) ( 120 )   Save Objective To investigate the effect of aerosol inhalation of pulmicort respules combined with Combivent on immune function in children with asthma. Methods A total of 120 children with mild to moderate asthmatic diseases treated in Supplementary Department of Shaoguan First People's Hospital from January 2015 to March 2016 were selecetd, and they were divided into observation group and control group by random number table, 60 cases in each group. Control group was given aerosol inhalation of pulmicort respules, while observation group was treated with aerosol inhalation of pulmicort respules combined with Combivent. After a twoweek treatment, the clinical efficacy, remission time of clinical signs, lung function［peak expiratory flow(PEF), PEF%］ and immunological indexes ［immunoglobulin E(IgE) and eosinophil(EOS)］ were compared between the two groups. Results The total effective rate of observation group was 96.67%(58/60), which was higher than 81.67%(49/60) of control group(P<0.05). The disappearance time of cough, asthma, wheezing rale in observation group were shorter than those in control group(P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of PEF and PEF% in two groups significantly increased, and observation group was higher than control group(P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of IgE and EOS in two groups significantly decreased, and observation group was lower than control group(P<0.05). Conclusion Aerosol inhalation of pulmicort respules combined with Combivent is effective in treatment of children with asthma, and it can accelerate recovery and improve lung function and immune function, which is worthy of wide clinical application. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of effect of extensively hydrolyzed protein formula on feeding of premature infants ZHANG Ling，GUO Fengxian，LIANG Li 2017, 9 (3):  222-225.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-3865.2017.03.012 Abstract ( 818 )   PDF (411KB) ( 124 )   Save Objective To investigate the effect of extensively hydrolyzed protein formula on feeding of preterm infants with low birth weight. Methods From January 2014 to December 2015, 53 premature and low weight infants hospitalized in the Neonatal Department of Luohe Second People's Hospital were randomly divided into observation group(27 cases) and control group(26 cases).The observation group were given Nestle Ai Er Shu extensively hydrolyzed protein formula. The control group was given standard premature formula milk powder. Two groups of children first sucked the milk at each feeding, and the remained milk volume was fed by stomach tube .For the preterm infants with stable vital sign, preterm infants with mild asphyxia and premature infants with class Ⅰ-Ⅱ respiratory distress syndrome, milk feeding was started within 24 hours after birth. For the preterm infants with moderate or severe asphyxia or with class Ⅲ-Ⅳ respiratory distress syndrome，milk feeding was started 24 to 48 hours after birth. The amount of milk started with 15 mL/(kg·d), and was increased at the speed of 20 to 30 mL/(kg·d). Parenteral nutrition support was given in the course of feeding, and two weeks later, it was changed to standard formula milk for premature infants. The rate of feeding intolerance, time to regain birth weight(d), time of total intestinal feeding(d), physical development in the two weeks after birth, and the average daily weight gain rate(g/d) in two groups was observed. Weekly monitoring of blood sugar, blood potassium, sodium, calcium, urea nitrogen, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and blood gas was performed to assess the occurrence of complications. Results The rate of feeding intolerance in observation group(11.1%,3/27) was lower than that in control group(38.5%,10/26). The time of birth weight recovery and total gastrointestinal feeding time were shorter in the observation group than in the control group. The weight gain of observation group was faster than that of control group. The difference was statistically significant. The body weight at 14d after birth was greater in the observation group, the difference being statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups(P>0.05). Conclusion Extensively hydrolyzed protein formula can reduce the incidence of feeding intolerance in premature infants, improve nutritional status of premature infants, so it can be used as an early milk replacement for preterm infants who are temporarily unable to get breast feeding. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical effect of loratadine combined with montelukast on children with cough variant asthma WANG Ruili，LI Lei，ZHU Chongfeng 2017, 9 (3):  225-227.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-3865.2017.03.013 Abstract ( 634 )   PDF (351KB) ( 125 )   Save Objective To study the clinical effect of loratadine combined with montelukast on children with cough variant asthma. Methods From Jan. 2015 to Jan. 2016, a total of 80 children with cough variant asthma hospitalized  in our hospital for treatment were taken as the clinical research objects, and they were randomly divided into control group(40 cases）and treatment group(40 cases）. Both groups were treated with montelukast chewable tablets,5 mg per time, once a day for 3 months; besides, the treatment group was additionally given loratadine 5 mg before bedtime for continuous 2 months. The clinical efficacy and improvement of physical signs and symptoms in the two groups were compared after stopping the treatment for 2 months. Results The total effective rate in the treatment group was 95.0%, which was significantly higher than that in the control group(77.5%,P<0.05）;the disappearance time of cough and expectoration, and asthma duration in the treatment group were all shorter than those in the control group（P<0.05）. Conclusion Loratadine combined with montelukast has significant effect in the treatment of children with cough variant asthma. Related Articles | Metrics

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Influence of age on the incidence of urinary fistula after hypospadias Duckett YIN Zhifeng，HE Jun，ZHENG Wei，YONG Jiang 2017, 9 (3):  228-230.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-3865.2017.03.014 Abstract ( 455 )   PDF (305KB) ( 117 )   Save Objective To investigate the effect of age on the incidence of urinary fistula after hypospadias Duckett. Methods A total 68 children were included of as the study subjects, who were admitted to the urinary. Surgery Department of Hunan Children's Hospital and received hypospadias Duckett from May 30,2013 to Nov. 30,2016.Observe the length of urethral absence and the incidence of urinary fistula in these children of different ages. Results Comparing the length of urethral absence among the children of different ages, there was no statistical difference(P>0.05). The incidence rate of urinary fistula in children under 6 years was 41.67%(10/24), which was significantly higher than that in children between 1 to 3 years(4.55%,1/22) and between 3 to 6 years(4.55%，1/22),the difference being statistical significance(P<0.017). Conclusion Age has some influence on urinary fistula after hypospadias Duckett, and the influence is greater with the increase of age. Therefore, the treatment for the fistula should be based on different ages in order to reduce the incidence rate, which will result in better treatment effects and improvement of these children's life quality. Related Articles | Metrics

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Significance of blood zinc level in children with diarrhea LIAO Jingwen 2017, 9 (3):  230-232.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-3865.2017.03.015 Abstract ( 414 )   PDF (324KB) ( 100 )   Save Objective To investigate the significance of blood zinc level in children with diarrhea. Methods From January 2013 to March 2016, 90 children with diarrhea were admitted to the Pediatric Ward of the Sanming First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, and 90 cases were selected as the normal control group. The rate of zinc deficiency in different age groups was detected; the level of blood zinc in children with diarrhea at different ages, and with different courses and conditions was detected; the level of blood zinc in infectious diarrhea and non-infectious diarrhea was also determined. Results In the diarrhea group, the incidence of zinc deficiency gradually decreased with age,  compared with healthy children of the same age, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01). The level of blood zinc in diarrhea group was related to age and the course of disease, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Compared with non-infectious and light diarrhea children, the level of blood zinc decreased significantly in infectious and severe diarrhea patients［(67.99±14.56)μmol/L vs. (56.71 ±12.11)μmol/L,(69.01±15.16)μmol/L vs. (57.88±13.46) μmol/L, P<0.05］. Conclusion The blood zinc level of children with diarrhea is lower than that of healthy children of the same age. Blood zinc levels should be routinely measured, and among them, young children and children with infectious and severe diarrhea and long course of disease are the focus of testing. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical effects analysis of selenium yeast combined with conventional therapy in treatment of children with chronic infectious diarrhea MU Gang，LUO Ruping 2017, 9 (3):  233-235.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-3865.2017.03.016 Abstract ( 393 )   PDF (317KB) ( 115 )   Save Objective To explore the clinical effects of selenium yeast in the treatment of children with chronic infectious diarrhea. Methods We enrolled 56 children with infectious diarrhea in our hospital. They were randomly divided into observation group(n=28) and control group(n=28). In the control group, the 28 children received conventional treatment of conditioning diet, mucous membrane protection and reasonable fluid infusion. In the observation group, the 28 children received treatment of oral selenium yeast in addition to the conventional treatment. After the course of treatment of 14 days, we compared the clinical effects of the two groups, including frequency of bowel movement and the shape and property of feces. Results From the 6th day to the end of the treatment course, the rate of normal defecation in the observation group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05). Similarly, the rate of normal feces in the observation group was higher than the control group(P<0.05).There was no adverse reactions related to selenium yeast. Conclusion Selenium yeast has good effect in the treatment of children with chronic infectious diarrhea, and there is no obvious adverse reaction, so it is worthy of clinical application. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical analysis of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome caused by sepsis in children YAN Xiaohong，LIU Shuxia，LIU Yun，LI Zongshang 2017, 9 (3):  236-240.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-3865.2017.03.017 Abstract ( 447 )   PDF (650KB) ( 147 )   Save Objective To understand the clinical characteristics and prognosis of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome(MODS) caused by sepsis in children. Methods This study included 204 children with sepsis hospitalized to PICU in Yuzhou People's Hospital from August 2011 to June 2016，and their involved organs were analyzed; the end-point events(90d death or inevitable death) were followed up.Trend Chi-square test，multiple Cox proportional hazards regression and survival analysis (Kaplan-Meier methods) were performed. Results (1)The incidence of MODS was 83 cases［40.69%(95%CI：33.89%-47.48%)］ in 204 children with sepsis. The incidence rate of MODS was 68.75%（11/16），55.10%（27/49），39.62%（21/53），32.61%（15/46） and 22.50%（9/40） for the children at the age of 2 d to 1 month，＞1 month to 1 year，＞1 to 5 years，＞5 to 12 years and ＞12 to 17 years，with significant differences among children at different ages（P<0.05）.(2)The frequency order of involved organs were lung(61 cases，29.90%)，heart(52 cases，25.49%)，blood system(41 cases，20.10%)，nervous system(36 cases，17.65%)，gastrointestinal tract(19 cases，9.31%) and kidney(12 cases，5.88%).The incidence of dysfunction in 2，3 and ≥4 organs was 19 cases(22.89%)，46 cases(55.42%) and 18 cases(21.69%)，respectively.(3)The 90d survival rate of the children with non-MODS，2-，3- and ≥4- organ dysfunction were 87.6%，63.2%，41.3% and 11.1%，respectively，χ2=92.59，P=0.000.After adjusting for age，oxygenation index，etc，multiple Cox proportional hazards regression showed that MODS was an independent factor of prognosis，HR=2.573，6.579，12.699，P＜0.05. Conclusion Young children are the high-risk population of MODS caused by sepsis. The main dysfunctional organs were lung，heart and blood system. MODS are the independent factors influencing the 90d survival rate of children with sepsis. Early detection，prevention and cutting off the transmission vicious circle of MODS are important to improve the outcome of child patients. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical efficacy of interventional therapy and thoracotomy in the treatment of ventricular septal defect in children LIU Jian，LUO Jinwen，WANG Jinghua，HUANG Peng 2017, 9 (3):  240-242.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-3865.2017.03.018 Abstract ( 460 )   PDF (349KB) ( 206 )   Save Objective To compare the clinical efficacy between interventional therapy and thoracotomy in the treatment of children with ventricular septal defect. Methods A total of 150 children with ventricular septal defect were hospitalized in our hospital from March 2014 to April 2016. Among them, 50 patients were treated with intervention（observation group） and 100 patients underwent thoracotomy（control group）. The clinical efficacy of the two groups were compared, including the success rate, length of hospital stay after operation, and incidence of complications. Results There was no significant difference in the success rate between the two groups(P>0.05). The difference of the operation time and postoperative hospitalization time were significantly shorter in the observation group and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The rate of complications in the control group was 14%(14/100), which was significantly higher that of the observation group(2%,1/50), and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion Compared with thoracotomy, interventional treatment for ventricular septal defect in children is effective and safe, and can be used as a preferred treatment regimen. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical value of C-reactive protein detection in children with central nervous infection LI Xianping, HUANG Haibo 2017, 9 (3):  243-245.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-3865.2017.03.019 Abstract ( 376 )   PDF (341KB) ( 155 )   Save Objective To study and analyze the clinical value of C-reactive protein detection in children with central nervous infection. Methods A total of 88 children with central nervous infection were included in the study, who were hospitalized in Xinyi People's Hospital from Jan. 2013 to Jan. 2016; there were 38 cases of purulent meningitis and 50 cases of viral meningitis. The control group consisted of 75 healthy children in our hospital at the same period. Laboratory tests were performed in these 3 groups of children, and compare the level of C-reactive protein in serum and cerebrospinal fluid. Results The level of C-reactive protein in serum and cerebrospinal fluid in the purulent group and the viral group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.01), and the level in purulent group was higher than that in the viral group, with statistical difference(P<0.01). The serum and cerebrospinal fluid level in both purulent and viral groups at recovery stage was lower than that at acute stage, and the level decrease in viral group was greater than that in purulent stage at recovery stage; there was statistical difference(P<0.01). Conclusion The detection of C-reactive protein in children with central nervous infection is beneficial to the differentiated diagnosis of purulent meningitis and viral meningitis. Because it's easier to obtain serum samples, the level of serum C-reactive protein alone can be used as an important biochemical testing indicator in children with central nervous infectious disease. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical efficacy of the treatment with hyperbaric oxygen combined with drugs  for viral encephalitis in children HU Wenjing，FANG Hongjun，WANG Ping，YANG Sai，FENG Mei 2017, 9 (3):  246-249.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-3865.2017.03.020 Abstract ( 580 )   PDF (421KB) ( 130 )   Save Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen combined with drugs and changes of laboratory-related indicators in children with viral encephalitis. Methods Fifty-five children with viral encephalitis treated in our hospital from March 2011 to March 2016 were selected as the clinical subjects. They were randomly divided into two groups: the observation group of 77 cases and the control group of 76 cases. The patients in the control group were treated with anti-virus, anti-fever, sedation and antiemetic treatment and nutritional support; the patients in the observation group were treated with hyperbaric oxygen therapy in addition to the treatment for the control group, once a day for 7 days as a course of treatment. After three consecutive courses, the clinical efficacy and laboratory parameters of the two groups  were compared, such as vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), soluble vascular cell adhesion factor 1(sVCAM-1), β-endorphin(β-EP) and myelin basic protein(MBP). Results The total effective rate was 94.81%(73/77) in the observation group, which was significantly higher than that in the control group(82.89%, 63/76), the difference being statistically significant(P<0.05). After treatment, vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1(sVCAM-1), β-endorphin(β-EP) and myelin basic protein(MBP) in the observation group were significantly reduced, and compared with the observation group before treatment and the control group after treatment, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion Hyperbaric oxygen combined with drug treatment for children with viral encephalitis is more effective than the simple drug symptomatic treatment, which is more favorable for the recovery of the children.   Related Articles | Metrics

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Significance of procalcitonin in the identification of bacterial and viral meningitis in children ZHANG Xiaoli，YAN Haiyan，SONG Lifang 2017, 9 (3):  249-251.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-3865.2017.03.021 Abstract ( 646 )   PDF (395KB) ( 167 )   Save Objective To analyze the significance of procalcitonin(PCT) in the differential diagnosis of bacterial meningitis and viral meningitis in children. Methods Eighty children with meningitis who were treated in Zhengzhou Children's Hospital from Jan. 2013 to Dec. 2015 were included in the study. It was clinically and laboratorily confirmed that there were 38 cases of bacterial meningitis and 42 cases of viral meningitis. The PCT levels were measured by colloidal gold immunochromatography. The levels of leukocytes, Creactive protein(CRP) and cerebrospinal fluid(WBC) were measured by immunoturbidimetry. Results In the bacterial meningitis group, the blood leukocytes were (15.4±5.4)×109/ L, serum CRP was (52.6±27.2) mg/L, and cerebrospinal fluid leukocytes were (392.1±42.8)×106/L; in viral meningitis group they were（8.4±3.6）×109/L,（20.5±10.4）mg/L and （33.2±20.9）×106/L, the difference being statistically significant(P<0.05). The serum PCT of the patients with bacterial meningitis was (13.2±5.6) μg/L and the cerebrospinal fluid PCT was (0.9±0.4) μg/L, while in viral meningitis group they were （0.7±0.3）μg/L and （0.2±0.1）μg/L, the difference being  statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion PCT, as a sensitive and specific serum marker, can be used for the identification of bacterial meningitis and viral meningitis in children. It is simple, safe and has a positive clinical significance. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical effect of Changdi reagent desensitization on children with allergic rhinitis and its effect on eosinophils and eosinophil cationic protein CHEN Maomao 2017, 9 (3):  252-255.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-3865.2017.03.022 Abstract ( 564 )   PDF (447KB) ( 153 )   Save Objective To investigate the effect of Changdi reagent desensitization therapy on children with allergic rhinitis and its effect on eosinophil(EOS) and eosinophil cationic protein(ECP) in children. Methods From August 2015 to June 2016, 108 children with allergic rhinitis were admitted to the Department of Otorhinolaryngology for treatment, and they were divided into observation group and control group according to the random number table method, 54 cases in each group. The children in the observation group were given desensitization therapy, and the control group was given routine treatment. The clinical curative effect of the two groups was compared. The scores of symptoms and signs and the change of EOS and ECP after treatment was also compared. Results The total effective rate was 96.30%(52/54) in the observation group, which was significantly higher than that in the control group(81.48%, 44/54), the difference being statistically significant(P<0.05). The scores of the symptoms and signs in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05). The positive rate of EOS in nasal irrigation was 75.93%(41/54) in the observation group, which was significantly lower than that in the control group(92.59%, 50/54), the difference being statistically significant(P<0.05). The content of ECP in the nasal irrigation solution of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion The desensitization therapy of Changdi reagent has a positive effect in improving the therapeutic effect on allergic rhinitis in children, which can significantly reduce the level of EOS and ECP in these children. It can also decrease the incidence of allergic rhinitis and reduce the impact on these children, which is worth promoting clinically. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical analysis of liquid resuscitation for septic shock in children CHEN Xiaojuan，FENG Huilan 2017, 9 (3):  255-258.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-3865.2017.03.023 Abstract ( 545 )   PDF (447KB) ( 101 )   Save Objective To study the therapeutic result of liquid resuscitation for children with septic shock. Methods A total of 50 children with septic shock were treated in Pediatric Department of Enping People's Hospital from Jan. 2014 to Sep. 2016, and they were randomly divided into two groups: liquid resuscitation group(A) and conventional dilatation group(B), 25 children in each group. After admission, the patients were given normal saline combined with 20% albumin resuscitation treatment and conventional dilatation treatment, respectively. Compare the first-hour infusion volume of normal saline, the primary resuscitation target(first-stage resuscitation success rate), length of ICU stay, pH value, level of Na+ and Cl-, heart rate and change of central venous pressure and average arterial pressure. Results The length of ICU stay of group A was shorter than that of group B, and the difference was statistical(P<0.01).The first-hour infusion volume of normal saline in group A was higher than that in group B, the difference being statistical(P<0.01). There was no statistical difference in the incidence rate of pulmonary edema between the two groups (P>0.05). The mortality of group A was 16.0%(4/25), lower than that of group B (48.0%,12/25), and there was statistical difference(P<0.05).The first-stage success rate of resuscitation of group A was 80.0%(20/25),higher than that of group B(52.0%,13/25),with statistical difference(P<0.05).The heart rate of children in group A after treatment was lower, and the average arterial pressure and central nervous pressure were higher than before treatment,and the difference was of statistical significance(P<0.01). The 24h pH value and Na+ concentration of children in group A were higher after treatment, while Cl- concentration was lower, the difference being statistical (P<0.01). Conclusion Liquid resuscitation with normal saline and albumin has significant effect on children with septic shock. It is safe and worth promoting. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical study on the early diagnosis and treatment methods for atypical neonatal purulent meningitis FENG Jin 2017, 9 (3):  259-261.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-3865.2017.03.024 Abstract ( 556 )   PDF (379KB) ( 163 )   Save Objective To investigate the clinical methods for early diagnosis and treatment of atypical neonatal purulent meningitis and summarize the clinical experience. Methods A total of 60 cases of children with atypical neonatal purulent meningitis were included, who were hospitalized in our Neonatal Department from January 2011 to June 2016. Collect the children's information, including general demographic information, clinical manifestation and the laboratory examination data.  Intravenous injection of ceftriaxone sodium(brand name: Rocephin) was given, 50 mg/kg/time, twice a day, to the clearly diagnosed cases, which lasted 3 to 4 weeks. Results The children's clinical manifestations when hospitalized were as follows: fever in 60 cases; somnolence and irritation in 39 cases; piebaldskin in 41 cases; full bregma in 27 cases; bregma nervous in 27 cases; high muscular tension in 32 cases; low muscular tension in 19 cases; no symptom of convulsions, screaming, milk rejecting, staring or respiratory failure. After treatment, the symptoms of fever, irritation and piebaldskin in all the patients disappeared. Bregma became flat and soft, muscular tension returned normal, and the symptom was relived. After Rocephin treatment, white blood cell count, neutrophil, M% & content of C-reactive protein, CSF white blood cell count, and protein content were lower than those before treatment, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Positive rate of Pandys test, blood culture and CSF culture was lower than the rate before treatment and there is statistically significant difference(P<0.05). Brain MRI indicated abnormal in 11 cases, including enlargement of subarachnoid spaces in 11 cases, hydrocephalus in 8 cases, subdural effusion in 1 case, and hydrocephalus with Ependymitis in 1 case. The rate of sequelae was 18.3% (11/60). Conclusion Fever, somnolence and irritation are the important manifestations of atypical neonatal purulent meningitis in early stage. Piebaldskin, full bregma and nervous, and dystonia are the vital signs. Providing timely CSFexamination at hospitalization can help the early diagnosis of purulent meningitis, and the disease can be controlled as soon as possible with Rocephin treatment, which also prevents convulsion and other cerebral edema, reducing the incidence of sequelae and death. Related Articles | Metrics

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Predictive value of IL-2 and TNF-α levels in early myocardial injury in children with sepsis ZHU Desheng，LUO Lan，ZENG Fangling 2017, 9 (3):  262-264.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-3865.2017.03.025 Abstract ( 393 )   PDF (355KB) ( 109 )   Save Objective To explore the predictive value of TNF-α and IL-2 levels in early myocardial injury in children with sepsis. Methods A total of 64 cases of children with sepsis admitted to General Ⅱ Emergency Department of our hospital from January 2016 to June 2016 were randomly selected as the treatment group. Another 64 cases of routinely infected children were chosen as the observation group; meanwhile, 64 cases of normal children were included as the control group. The levels of IL-2 and TNF-α in the three groups were detected by means of Elisa and chemiluminescence immunoassay, respectively, and the changes of the two levels at 12 hours, 24 hours and 48 hours after treatment were observed and compared. The cardiac function indexes (including LAD, LVEF, LVEDP) in the three groups were detected through echocardiography. The relationship between serum levels of TNF-α and IL-2 and the changes of cardiac function in children with sepsis was analyzed. Results There were significant differences in serum levels of TNF-α and IL-2 among the three groups (P<0.05). After a further comparison, the serum levels of TNF-α and IL-2 in treatment group were significantly higher than those of the observation group and control group, and the observation group was significantly higher than the control group, the differences being statistically significant (P<0.05). As the treatment time increased, the serum levels of TNF-α and IL-2 in treatment group were significantly lower at 48h than those at 12h and 24h after treatment, and the levels at 24h after treatment was significantly lower than that at 12h after treatment, the difference being statistically significant(P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that serum TNF-α and IL-2 were positively correlated with LAD and LVEDP in children with sepsis, but negatively correlated with LVEF(P<0.05). Conclusion The serum levels of TNF-α and IL-2 in children with sepsis are obviously higher and they are closely related to the treatment time, as well as the degree of cardiac function injury, which is of great importance to judging the prognosis of the patients. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of clinical characteristics and pathogens of invasive fungal infection in children GU Fen，LUO Ruping，YAO Tingxin 2017, 9 (3):  265-268.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-3865.2017.03.026 Abstract ( 451 )   PDF (411KB) ( 132 )   Save Objective To analyze the clinical features and pathogens of invasive fungal infection in children. Methods A total of 150 children with invasive fungal infection were treated in the Infection Department of Hunan Children's Hospital from Mar. 2015 to Mar. 2016. They were included in the study and divided into 3 groups: neonate group(0 to 28 d), infant group(>28 d to 3 years) and older child group(>3 to 14 years), 50 in each group. The risk factors, pathogen distribution and infection site were analyzed. Results The analysis of the risk factors of invasive fungal infection in children showed that parenteral nutrition venous catheterization, and antibiotic use for over 7 days were the main risk factors in neonates, parenteral nutrition and mechanical ventilation were mainly in infants, and antibiotic use for over 7 days, combined use of two antibiotics and chemotherapy for tumors in the older children, the difference among them being statistically significant(P<0.05). The pathogen distribution of invasive fungal infection was as follows: Candida albicans, Candida glabrata and Candida parapsilosis were the main pathogenic bacteria in neonates, Candida albicans and Candida glabrata were mainly in infants, and Candida albicans in older children, and there was statistically significant difference among the 3 groups(P<0.05). Lung is the common infection site in neonate group(66%),lung(46%) and intestine(40%) in infant group, lung(68%) in older child group, although other sites of infection were also seen in older children, the difference among them being significant(P<0.05). Conclusion The main pathogen of invasive fungal infection in children are Candida albicans, Candida glabrata and Candida parapsilosis. The clinical manifestations are mainly pulmonary and intestinal infection. The pathogen types and infection factors should be taken into account during the treatment. Related Articles | Metrics

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Experience of Prof. Ding Ying in differential treatment of childhood enuresis WANG Long,DING YING,GAO Min,LIU Yangyang 2017, 9 (3):  269-270.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-3865.2017.03.027 Abstract ( 397 )   PDF (330KB) ( 148 )   Save Prof. Ding Ying has been doing research in kidney diseases of children for many years and has gain a lot of experience in the treatment of childhood enuresis. She is good at difference in the treatment for the diseases according to the causes and pathogenesis. In the treatment,she pays attention to refreshing the patient and comprehensive caring based on Wuzi Yanzong pills(with modification).This paper reviewed Prof. Ding's experience in treating childhood enuresis, which was of great academic and clinical significance. Related Articles | Metrics

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Relationship between the treatment for allergic purpura in children and the spleen in traditional Chinese medicine ZHAN Ke，ZENG Siyao，ZHU Weina，YU Minfeng 2017, 9 (3):  271-272.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-3865.2017.03.028 Abstract ( 607 )   PDF (296KB) ( 118 )   Save Children have the physiological characteristics of constant deficiency in TCM spleen, and their allergic purpura is closely related to the spleen. The spleen deficiency is the internal cause of purpura and the main factors of the extension and development of purpura. Therefore, the treatment for allergic purpura in children should not only stress on the heat pathogen but also pay attention to the influence of the spleen so as to achieve good curative effect. Related Articles | Metrics

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Syndrome differentiation treatment for children with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura based on "heat，blood stasis and deficiency" ZHAI Wensheng，LI Le，ZHAI Panpan 2017, 9 (3):  273-275.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-3865.2017.03.029 Abstract ( 537 )   PDF (293KB) ( 296 )   Save Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP) is one of the most common hemorrhagic diseases in children. Through the combination of clinical practice, the syndrome differentiation treatment for ITP was studied based on the theory of "heat,blood stasis and deficiency".It is believed that heat is the primary factor in inducing and aggravate ITP, and stasis has always been there during the whole course of ITP, while deficiency is the root cause. Therefore, in the clinical treatment of ITP, we should pay equal attention to the deficiency and the actual disease, taking the treatment for the real disease as the final target; meanwhile, the traditional Chinese medicine should be used properly in order to perform better syndrome differentiation treatment, which is effective according to our years of clinical practice. Related Articles | Metrics