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25 April 2024, Volume 16 Issue 2 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of influenza in children with integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine WANG Xuefeng, WANG Lining, DENG Li, LIU Hanmin, SHANG Yunxiao, ZHANG Baoqing, ZHAO Shunying 2024, 16 (2):  93-101.  Abstract ( 433 )   PDF (1052KB) ( 427 )   Save Children are the highincidence population of influenza and the highrisk population of severe cases.Early intervention of influenza,especially the intervention with traditional Chinese and western medicine in the mild stage,is of great significance to the prognosis of the disease.Based on the development process of literature retrieval and evaluation,expert interview,group discussion,expert demonstration meeting and public consultation,the guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of influenza in children with integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine are formed.This version of the guidelines includes the scope of application,normative reference documents,terms and definitions,diagnosis and treatment,aiming to provide an important reference for the clinical practice,diagnosis and treatment norms and quality evaluation of the treatment with integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine for children with influenza. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of ADA2 gene mutation and the deficiency of adenosine deaminase  FU Bin, LI Haibo, YE Qidong, YAN Lulu. 2024, 16 (2):  102-106.  Abstract ( 118 )   PDF (1025KB) ( 30 )   Save Deficiency of adenosine deaminase 2 (DADA2) is a rare autosomal recessive inherited autoinflammatory disease. DADA2 is caused by homozygous or complex heterozygous mutations of ADA2 gene resulting in low or insufficient activity of adenosine deaminase 2 (ADA2). The main clinical manifestations of DADA2 in childhood include systemic inflammation,vasculitis, humoral immunodeficiency and hematological abnormalities. Early diagnosis of DADA2 is difficult, and its pathogenesis is unclear. TNF-α receptor inhibitor is the first-line treatment for patients with systemic inflammatory phenotype, followed by thalidomide. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSTC) has been used mainly in the patients with severe hematological phenotype or having no response to TNF-α receptor inhibitor treatment. In this paper, we reviewed the clinical features, demographic characteristics, genotype and its correlation with clinical phenotype, possible pathogenesis and diagnosis and treatment strategy of DADA2. Related Articles | Metrics

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Advances in the study of the effects of robot-assisted walking training on children with cerebral palsy WEI Xinxin, LYU Zhihai 2024, 16 (2):  107-113.  Abstract ( 101 )   PDF (1070KB) ( 33 )   Save Cerebral palsy is one of the most common disabling diseases during childhood development, which has a great impact on the physical and mental health of children with cerebral palsy. Robotic rehabilitation technology in the field of neurological rehabilitation has been revolutionized and has been increasingly used in clinical treatment. Robot-assisted walking training, characterized by high intensity and repetitiveness, has been a research hotspot for improving neurological diseases in recent years. In this paper, we briefly summarize the effects of different types, rehabilitation mechanisms and training modalities of walking training robots on the body structure and function, activity and participation ability of children with cerebral palsy, aiming to provide a reliable basis for clinical treatment. Related Articles | Metrics

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Preliminary exploration of the relationship between lung-spleen interaction and children′s allergic process based on the theory of "mother-child interaction" in the five elements of traditional Chinese medicine XU Chao, CHI Lei, CUI Zhenze. 2024, 16 (2):  114-118.  Abstract ( 128 )   PDF (986KB) ( 168 )   Save Allergic diseases are on the rise year by year,and allergic diseases in children account for half of them; the phenomenon of allergic process in children has appeared,that is,from atopic dermatitis and food allergy in infancy to the development of allergic rhinitis and asthma in childhood,and the allergic process in children has become a key problem in this field.This article briefly introduces the concept and pathogenesis of allergic process in children,particularly discussing lung-spleen interaction from the perspective of mother-child interaction in five elements of traditional Chinese medicine.Pulmonary defense system governs breath; spleen governs transportation and transformation and regulates liquid metabolism; the function of lung and spleen and lung-spleen interaction are closely related to atopic dermatitis in children,food allergy,allergic rhinitis and allergic asthma respectively.This paper also clarifies that lung-spleen interaction participates in the whole allergic process of children.At present,the prevention and treatment of the process of childhood allergy is still in the exploratory stage,and modern medicine starts with three-stage prevention.The traditional Chinese medicine adheres to the concept of "holistic concept" and "simultaneous treatment of different diseases",which is expected to carry out traditional Chinese medicine intervention in children with initial manifestations of lung and spleen deficiency from secondary prevention or even from the primary prevention period of identification of physique(lung and spleen deficiency),such as medicated diet,massage and taking Chinese medicine orally and other effective methods,in order to delay or even block the development of children′s allergic process.This paper provides a strong theoretical basis and support. Related Articles | Metrics

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Discussion on the application of regulating intestinal microflora in children with pneumonia based on the relationship between lung and large intestine LI Guang, ZHAI Wensheng 2024, 16 (2):  119-122.  Abstract ( 247 )   PDF (985KB) ( 320 )   Save Pneumonia is a common disease in children and one of the main causes of death in children under 5 years old.Bacteria are the most common pathogen in pneumonia among children in developing countries,and antibiotics are the main treatment drugs in clinical practice.However,the global situation of bacterial resistance is severe,which has become a great threat to human health.In traditional Chinese medicine it is believed that "the lungs and large intestine are related externally and internally," emphasizing the principle of "treating the lungs and intestines together." Modern medicine proposes the "lung gut axis," which reveals that changes in intestinal microbiota affect the occurrence,development,and prognosis of pulmonary diseases.It also proposes the method of treating pulmonary diseases by intervening in the microbiota.This article aims to demonstrate the role of probiotics in the treatment of lung and intestine simultaneously in children withpneumonia,providing new ideas for clinical treatment of pediatric pneumonia. Related Articles | Metrics

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Meta analysis of risk factors for neonatal nosocomial infection LING Juan, DING Xianluo, WANG Yan, ZHANG Yinghua, XIE Zhuolin, LEI Kangqing, ZHANG Dinghua, LUO Xiangxia. 2024, 16 (2):  123-129.  Abstract ( 96 )   PDF (2374KB) ( 54 )   Save ObjectiveTo make a Meta-analysis of the main risk factors for neonatal nosocomial infection, so as to further improve medical preventive measures and reduce the incidence of neonatal nosocomial infection.MethodsBoth Chinese and foreign databases were searched, and STATA/SE 12.0 software was used for Meta-analysis.ResultsTotally 52 studies were included, involving 94 223 neonates with infection. Meta-analysis showed that 12 risk factors were with statistically significant difference, including gestational age <37 weeks(RR=0.92, 95%CI=0.90-0.93), birth weight<2 500 g(RR=0.92, 95%CI=0.91-0.94), hospital stay>7 days (RR=0.93, 95%CI=0.91-0.95), mechanical ventilation (RR=0.88, 95%CI=0.85-0.91), parenteral nutrition(RR=0.92, 95%CI=0.89-0.96), invasive procedures(RR=0.89, 95%CI=0.84-0.93), intravenous catheterization(RR=0.91, 95%CI=0.83-0.99), neonatal asphyxia(RR=0.94, 95%CI=0.89-0.99), mode of delivery (RR=0.93, 95%CI=0.88-0.98), PICC (RR=0.84, 95%CI=0.74-0.96), amniotic fluid turbidity (RR=0.91, 95%CI=0.85-0.96) and breast feeding (RR=0.93, 95%CI=0.87-1.00), which were risk factors for neonatal infection. Sensitivity analysis and publication bias results showed that the publication bias was not obvious.ConclusionIn neonatal nursing and clinical work, medical staff should improve the identification and judgment of risk factors for neonatal infection and actively take preventive measures in order to reduce the morbidity and mortality of neonatal nosocomial infection. Related Articles | Metrics

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Risk prediction of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder based on machine learning ZHAO Jianxiang, WU Zhenqi, WANG Xuefeng, WANG Zi, CHU Yaqi, YOU Yi 2024, 16 (2):  130-136.  Abstract ( 142 )   PDF (1202KB) ( 34 )   Save ObjectiveTo explore the feasibility of predicting attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) in children based on machine learning algorithm.MethodsA total of 358 patients treated in the pediatric outpatient department of our hospital from November 2022 to August 2023 were retrospectively analyzed,and 119 patients were finally included in the ADHD group and 239 patients in the non-ADHD group.Totally 31 variables,including basic demographic information,children's personal life situation,mother's pregnancy situation,family life situation and genetic factors,were taken as risk factors.Single factor analysis was used to select variables with obvious differences,and then the decision tree(DT) model,random forest(RF) model,adaptive enhancement algorithm(Adaboost) and K-nearest neighbor algorithm(KNN) models were established respectively.AUC,specificity,accuracy,F1 score and ROC curve were used to evaluate the model prediction efficiency.ResultsRandom forest algorithm was the best predictive model for ADHD,with AUC being 0.955,and specificity,accuracy and F1 scores being 0.903,0.898 and 0.853,respectively.Meanwhile,the top five characteristic variables screened according to the random forest model were:education style,emotional stability,daily time spent playing with electronic products,learning difficulties,and recent recurrent respiratory infections.ConclusionA prediction model of child ADHD based on machine learning algorithm is established,which has good prediction ability for ADHD. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of direct medical cost in children with acute lymphocytic leukemia YAN Yuzhu, YU Jie, AN Xizhou, GUO Xiaoli, YAO Juan, DENG Zhifen, ZHANG Wenjun. 2024, 16 (2):  136-139.  Abstract ( 107 )   PDF (974KB) ( 236 )   Save ObjectiveTo analyze the direct medical cost and composition ratio of children with acute lymphocytic leukemia,in order to provide basis for the reform of medical system and guarantee the standard treatment of children with leukemia.MethodsA total of 110 children with acute lymphocytic leukemia were included in the study,who were treated in the Department of Hematology Oncology of Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University from Jan.2015 to Apr.2018.Descriptive analysis was used to analyze the direct medical costs of these children and investigate the main compositions.ResultsDuring the standard treatment of children with acute lymphocytic leukemia,the direct medical costs were mainly composed of outpatient costs (averaged 23 597 CNY),one-day chemotherapy costs （averaged 23 216 CNY）,hospitalization costs （averaged 158 152 CNY）.In the total cost of children with ALL,drug costs,treatment costs and laboratory test costs accounted for a large proportion.The average reimbursement rate was 59.1%(93 415/158 152).The average hospitalization time of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia was 131 days,and the average daily hospitalization cost was 1 207 CNY(158 152/131).ConclusionReducing drug costs and standardized treatment and testing can reduce medical costs.Comprehensive and multi-angle support should be provided for the families of children with leukemia,in order to guarantee the treatment for these children. Related Articles | Metrics

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Joubert syndrome caused by TCTN3 gene mutation:a case report and gene analysis SONG Fanxu, LI Xiaojie, PANG Wei, LI Xuemei, ZHAO Hongbo, ZHANG Lihua. 2024, 16 (2):  140-144.  Abstract ( 88 )   PDF (1420KB) ( 23 )   Save ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical manifestations and gene analysis of Joubert syndrome.MethodsThe clinical data and gene results of a child with Joubert syndrome caused by TCTN3 gene mutation were analyzed in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University.ResultsThe patient was 5 months and 13 days old.The Color Doppler ultrasound and abdominal fetal MRI during pregnancy showed that fetal cerebellar vermis and brain stem were abnormal.The main clinical manifestations of the child on visiting the hospital were paroxysmal tachypnea,hypotonia and delayed development.Magnetic resonance imaging of the skull showed "molar sign" and "bat wing"-shaped fourth ventricle.The whole exon sequencing showed that there was heterozygous variation c.776dupT,c 737-2A>T of TCTN3 gene,respectively from parents,and it was definitely diagnosed as Joubert syndrome type 18.Joubert syndrome caused by TCTN3 gene mutation was first reported in China,among which c 737-2A>T mutation had not been reported at home or abroad.After 3 months of rehabilitation treatment,the frequency of shortness of breath decreased,the follow-up of sight and hearing improved significantly,and the motor ability and social adaptability improved significantly.ConclusionTCTN3 gene mutation is found in patients with Joubert syndrome that has not been reported in China.The patients with Joubert syndrome should take active rehabilitation treatment,the functions of the eyes,kidneys,liver and other organs should be evaluated regularly,and the patients should take long-term comprehensive rehabilitation treatment and follow-up observation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Consistency of Infanib scales and Gesell developmental scales in the assessment of motor development in children UO Yingying, ZHAO Jinzhu, HAO Yan 2024, 16 (2):  144-147.  Abstract ( 185 )   PDF (974KB) ( 52 )   Save ObjectiveTo investigate the consistency of Infant Neurological International Battery (Infanib) and Gesell developmental scale in the assessment of motor development in high-risk infants.MethodsFrom May 2022 to April 2023, 132 high-risk children were collected from our hospital as research subjects. Kappa values were calculated to determine the consistency of Infanib and Gesell developmental scales.ResultsThe evaluation results of Infanib scale was consistent with that of Gesell developmental scale in 111 of the 132 children (84.09%),including 90 being assessed as normal and 21 as borderline (suspected) or developmental delay. The consistency was 0.57 in the assessment of gross motor quotient for Infanib scale and Gesell developmental scale. The consistency of the two scales was 0.62, 0.67 and 0.41 in children under 4 months, between 4 and 8 months and over 8 months. In the high-risk term infants, the consistency of evaluation by Infanib scale and Gesell developmental scale was 0.61, which was 0.32 in high-risk preterm infants.ConclusionThe consistency of Infanib and Gesell developmental scales is generally good, but low in children >8 months of age and children at high risk of preterm birth. It is suggested that different scales should be selected according to the age and birth situation of children to accurately reflect the true level of children's motor development. Related Articles | Metrics

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Bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study of childhood asthma and serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D JI Zhanpeng, WEI Bing. 2024, 16 (2):  148-154.  Abstract ( 130 )   PDF (942KB) ( 154 )   Save ObjectiveTo evaluate the causal relationship between childhood asthma and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D［25(OH)D］ by two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization.MethodsA two-sample bidirectional MR analysis was performed using pool-level genetic data associated with serum 25(OH)D from publicly available European population-wide association studies and pool-level genetic data associated with childhood asthma from UK Biobank.Inverse variance weighted (IVW) method,simple mode method,weighted mode,weighted median method,and MR Egger method were used for analysis,and heterogeneity test,sensitivity analysis and pleiotropic analysis were conducted.ResultsThe results of MR analysis showed that there was a causal relationship between serum 25(OH)D level and childhood asthma(IVW OR:0.997,95%CI:0.995,0.999,P=0.018).There was no causal relationship between childhood asthma and serum 25(OH)D level(IVW OR:1.627,95%CI:0.244,10.871,P=0.615).In MR analysis of serum 25(OH)D level in children with asthma,there was no horizontal pleiotropy or heterogeneity of instrumental variables.Sensitivity analysis using the leave-one-out method and visual scatter plots showed robust MR analysis results.In reverse MR analysis,there was no horizontal pleiotropy of instrumental variables,but there was heterogeneity.Sensitivity analysis using the leave-one-out method and visual scatter plots found that MR analysis results were not robust.ConclusionTwo-sample MR analysis shows a unidirectional causal relationship,that is,the lower the serum 25(OH)D level,the greater the risk of childhood asthma.However,childhood asthma does not appear to affect serum 25(OH)D levels. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine combined with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in the treatment of Tourette syndrome HUANG Chen, KONG Mian 2024, 16 (2):  154-159.  Abstract ( 85 )   PDF (1036KB) ( 22 )   Save ObjectiveTo observe the clinical effect of traditional Chinese medicine combined with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in the treatment of Tourette syndrome.MethodsA total of 58 patients treated in our hospital from January 2021 to July 2023 were randomly divided into western medicine group(n=20)，traditional Chinese medicine group(n=17) and combined treatment group(n=21).The patients in the three groups were treated with traditional Chinese medicine,traditional Chinese medicine combined with low frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic therapy,and aripiprazole,respectively.ResultsThere was no statistically significant difference in the total clinical effective rate among the three groups (P>0.05).The group * time interaction effect of YGTSS score was statistically significant(P<0.05).YGTSS scores in all three groups decreased with treatment time.Compared with before treatment in each group,the treatment for all three groups was able to effectively improve YGTSS scores (P=0.000).After treatment,there was no significant difference in YGTSS scores among the three groups(P>0.05).The Conners Parental Questionnaire showed statistically significant group * time interaction effects(P<0.05) in the scores of four factors:conduct problems,physical and mental disorders,impulsivity-hyperactivity,and hyperactivity index.The scores of each factor in the Conners parental questionnaire in three groups decreased with treatment time.Compared with before treatment in each group,the treatment for all three groups was able to effectively improve the scores of each factor in the Conners parental questionnaire,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The combined treatment group showed better improvement than the western medicine group in four factors:conduct problems,physical and mental disorders,impulsivity-hyperactivity,and hyperactivity index,with statistical significance(P<0.05);the improvement in impulsivity-hyperactivity and hyperactivity index was better than that in the Chinese medicine group,with statistical significance (P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the two factors of learning problems and anxiety among the three treatment groups (P>0.05).ConclusionTraditional Chinese medicine combined with low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic therapy for Tourette syndrome can not only relieve tic symptoms faster,but also improve children's psychological and emotional disorders such as physical and mental disorders and conduct problems,especially in the improvement of hyperactivity and impulsivity-related behavior problems,which is worthy of clinical application. Related Articles | Metrics

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Systematic review and Meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of Dingchuan decoction in the adjuvant treatment of infants with bronchiolitis XU Shengying, TAN Chunying. 2024, 16 (2):  160-165.  Abstract ( 97 )   PDF (2578KB) ( 24 )   Save ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of Dingchuan decoction in the adjuvant treatment of infants with bronchiolitis.MethodsSystematically search PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,CNKI,Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform(Wanfang),VIP Chinese Journal Service Platform (VIP),and SinoMed databases the time being from the construction of the databases to July 29,2022.Randomized controlled trials(RCTs) on Dingchuan decoction as an adjuvant therapy for infants with bronchiolitis were retrieved.Literatures were screened and included according to inclusion and exclusion criteria.The Cochrane Bias Risk Assessment Manual was used to assess the quality of the included literatures,and data were extracted from the included literatures.Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software.ResultsA total of 13 studies were included,with a total of 1 222 children.The results showed that,compared with conventional western medicine therapy,the combined Dingchuan decoction could improve the total effective rate in children with bronchiolitis［RR=1.21,95%CI(1.16,1.27),P<0.000 01］,shorten the disappearance time of cough ［MD=-1.48,95%CI(-1.77,-1.20),P<0.000 01］,shorten the disappearance time of wheezing ［MD=-1.43,95%CI(-1.59,-1.27),P<0.000 01］,shorten the disappearance time of lung rale［MD=-1.87,95%CI(-2.01,-1.73),P<0.000 01］,and shorten the length of hospitalization［MD=-3.14,95%CI(-4.27,-2.01),P<0.000 01］.All the differences in the above-mentioned indexes between the two groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).In terms of safety,no adverse reactions were found.ConclusionThe existing evidence shows that Dingchuan decoction can increase the total effective rate and improve clinical symptoms and signs compared with conventional western medicine therapy in the treatment of infantile bronchiolitis.The clinical efficacy is significant and the safety is good. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Jinzhi Jieyin gargle on wound comfort and medication compliance in children with low temperature plasma tonsillectomy LENG Yunkun, LUO Qing. 2024, 16 (2):  166-170.  Abstract ( 113 )   PDF (985KB) ( 143 )   Save ObjectiveTo observe the effect of Jinzhi Jieyin gargle on the wound surface of tonsil in children after low-temperature plasma tonsillectomy.MethodsEighty children with tonsillectomy， who received tonsillectomy in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from Nov. 2022 to Aug. 2023,were divided into an experimental group and a control group based on the principle of minimum imbalance index,with 40 cases in each group.The experimental group was rinsed with Jinzhi Jieyin gargle,and the control group was rinsed with normal saline.The pharyngeal comfort,pain,fever,wound score,oral odor,and medication compliance of the two groups were compared.ResultsThe study showed that the pharyngeal comfort (1.90±0.71)points and medication compliance(97.5%) of the experimental group were better than that those of control group［(1.03±0.16)points and 67.5%］.The incidence of oral odor in the experimental group(7.5%) was lower than that in the control group(42.5%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in pain scores,fever proportion,or wound scores between the two groups(P>0.05).There were no adverse reactions to gargling medication in both groups.ConclusionThe use of Jinzhi Jieyin gargle for low-temperature plasma tonsillectomy can improve wound comfort and medication compliance,and is suitable for use in children. Related Articles | Metrics

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Similarities and differences in the pathogenesis of epstein-barr virus and Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in children based on Sanjiao syndrome differentiation YANG Lu, ZHANG Yuan, ZHANG Baoqing. 2024, 16 (2):  170-174.  Abstract ( 102 )   PDF (1011KB) ( 275 )   Save Sanjiao syndrome differentiation system was created by Wu Tang,a warm disease expert,on the basis of inheriting the thoughts of his ancestors."Top-down" is the law of its transmission,which is of great significance to explain the occurrence,development and treatment of epstein-barr virus(EBV) and Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP) infections.EBV and MP are common respiratory pathogens in children.Based on the theory of Sanjiao syndrome differentiation,and the theory of "nasal air passing through the lung" and "breath passing through the stomach",this paper discusses the similarities and differences in the pathogenesis of these two infections based on their clinical manifestations.Both of them belong to the category of damp-heat warm-like diseases,with the characteristics of diffuse Sanjiao,but the clinical manifestations of EBV infection are mainly in the middle and lower two foci,and the upper one is secondary,while MP infection is mainly in the upper and middle two foci,and the lower one is secondary.The two diseases can be co-infection and attack the systemic immune system through immune mechanism,leading to the imbalance of Yin and Yang in the body.According to the transmission law,MP infection mainly spreads to the upper and middle foci,while EBV infection mainly spreads to the middle and lower foci.The clinical treatment for both infections can be relieving heat and dampness.The goal of prescription and medication is to smooth the Sanjiao and gasify as usual.This article discusses the similarities and differences in clinical manifestations of EBV and MP infection from the perspective of dynamic transmission,and analyzes the syndrome differentiation and treatment plan based on the Sanjiao syndrome differentiation theory and research status,in order to provide reference for the differentiation and treatment of EBV and MP infection with traditional Chinese medicine. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical study of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with scalp acupuncture in the treatment of children with cerebral palsy and sleep disorder  YU Zhihua, KONG Mian, ZHANG Yuehua. 2024, 16 (2):  175-178.  Abstract ( 58 )   PDF (969KB) ( 81 )   Save ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with scalp acupuncture on children with cerebral palsy(CP)complicated with sleep disorders.MethodsFrom October 2020 to October 2022,90 children with cerebral palsy complicated with sleep disorders were treated in the Children′s Rehabilitation Center of Chengdu Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Children′s Rehabilitation Hospital,and Chengdu Gulian Rehabilitation Clinic Co.,Ltd.,who were randomly divided into control group,acupuncture group,and combined treatment group,with 30 cases in each group.In the control group the children′s parents received sleep health education to strengthen sleep behavior management.In the acupuncture group the children received scalp acupuncture three times a week for 12 weeks on the basis of the treatment for control group.The combined treatment group received repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on the basis of the treatment for control group and the acupuncture group,and the sleep pattern was adopted,three times a week for 5 weeks,with an interval of 1 week,and then another 5 weeks.After 6 and 12 weeks of treatment,the changes in sleep efficiency,sleep latency,and arousal times of each group were observed.ResultsThe sleep efficiency of the three groups increased with the treatment time,and after 6 weeks of treatment,the sleep efficiency of the combined treatment group was higher than that of the control group,and at 12 weeks after treatment,the sleep efficiency of the acupuncture group and the combined treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).The sleep latency of the three groups decreased with the treatment time,and the sleep latency of the combined treatment group was lower than that of the acupuncture group and the control group after 6 and 12 weeks of treatment,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The number of arousal decreased with the treatment time in the three groups,and the number of arousal in the combined treatment group and acupuncture group was lower than that in the control group at 12 weeks after treatment,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).ConclusionRepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with scalp acupuncture can improve the sleep quality of children with sleep disorders and cerebral palsy,shorten the time of falling asleep,reduce the number of awakening at night,and improve sleep efficiency. Related Articles | Metrics

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Experience in treating allergic rhinitis in children by using the method of dispelling wind,desensitization and relieving stuffy nose CHEN Zhengguang, WAN Lisheng, LUO Hui 2024, 16 (2):  179-181.  Abstract ( 113 )   PDF (942KB) ( 173 )   Save Allergic rhinitis is a common and frequently occurring disease in pediatrics.In recent years,the incidence of allergic rhinitis in children has been increasing year by year.Professor Wan Lisheng′s clinical experience in the syndrome differentiation and treatment of allergic rhinitis in children will be introduced in this article to explore the clinical thoughts of diagnosis and treatment of allergic rhinitis in children.Professor Wan Lisheng thinks that allergic constitution and the induction of external wind are the core pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis; therefore,the decoction of dispelling wind,desensitization and relieving stuffy nose was created by Professor Wan Lisheng to treat the allergic rhinitis in children based on stages.One case is shown in the end of article to be shared with the fellow. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of diet-related factors in 200 precocious children aged 4 to 10 years in Ankang JI Kangmei, CHEN Zhuo, ZHOU Xiaolan, ZHOU Yin, LI Hong. 2024, 16 (2):  182-185.  Abstract ( 76 )   PDF (1798KB) ( 50 )   Save ObjectiveTo analyze the relationship between precocious puberty and dietary exposure history of children aged 4 to 10 years in Ankang,and provide scientific basis for the prevention of children with precocious puberty.MethodsTotally 200 children aged 4 to 10 years with precocious puberty admitted to the pediatric department of medical and health institutions in Ankang from July 2022 to June 2023 were selected as the case group,and 200 normal children aged 4 to 10 years in kindergartens and primary schools in the same region were selected as the control group during the same period.A survey was conducted using a dietary frequency and related behavior questionnaire.ResultsThere was no statistically significant difference in gender,age,or age composition between 200 precocious children and 200 normal children aged 4 to 10 years surveyed in Ankang(P>0.05).The proportion of children often taking nutritional supplements,foods with high levels of estrogen,off-season fruits,off-season vegetables,thick flavored sorghum,foods with high levels of trace element zinc,foods with high levels of preservatives,pigments and additives,and foods packaged in plastic in case group was statistically higher than that in control group(P<0.01).There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of frequent consumption of dairy products(P>0.05).The results of logistic regression analysis showed that nutritional supplements and foods with high levels of trace element zinc were factors affecting precocious puberty in children（P＜0.05）, All other factors have no statistical significance（P＞0.05）.ConclusionThe incidence of precocious puberty in children aged 4 to 10 years in Ankang is related to dietary structure.Nutritional supplements,foods with high levels of estrogen,off-season vegetables,thick flavored sorghum,foods with high levels of trace element zinc,foods with high levels of preservatives,pigments and additives,and foods packaged in plastic may increase the risk of precocious puberty.Governments,schools,and families should pay attention to the balance of children′s diets and enhance health education to help children establish a balanced dietary pattern. Related Articles | Metrics