Table of Content

25 June 2024, Volume 16 Issue 3 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Expert consensus on traditional Chinese medicine intervention program for atopic dermatitis in children Zhao Yun, Ma Chunyan, Deng Dan, Wu Liqun, Zhang Huimin, Zhao Xia, Ye Qingyan, Zhu Shengguo, Yao Ting 2024, 16 (3):  185-190.  Abstract ( 212 )   PDF (851KB) ( 142 )   Save Atopic dermatitis in children is a common skin disease in infants and young children under the age of 3.Its recurrent itching and skin lesions affect the quality of life of the children.In order to further strengthen the clinical application and promotion of traditional Chinese medicine intervention in children with atopic dermatitis,the Pediatric Committee of Shanghai Association of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine have taken the lead in formulating this consensus,aiming to provide guidance for practitioners in traditional Chinese medicine pediatrics and better assist children. Related Articles | Metrics

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Meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of modified Shegan Mahuang decoction in the treatment of cough variant asthma in children MING Xi, WANG Ziwei, BIAN Ji, WANG Bo, LU Yingzhu, HUANG Huihui. 2024, 16 (3):  191-197.  Abstract ( 107 )   PDF (1619KB) ( 79 )   Save ObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy and safety of modified Shegan Mahuang decoction in the treatment of cough variant asthma in children using Meta-analysis.MethodsA comprehensive search of published literature was performed,concerning the clinical randomized controlled trials using Shegan Mahuang decoction as the basic formula or as the intervention measure in western medicine combined treatment for children with cough variant asthma .Two evaluators carried out the literature search,evaluated the quality of the literature using the modified Jadad scale,extracted the data after screening the literature that met the inclusion criteria,and then performed Meta-analysis using Rev Man 5.3 software.ResultsA total of 13 randomized controlled trials involving 1 491 patients were included,and the results of Meta-analysis showed that:the effective rate of the observation group was better than that of the control group［RR=1.23,95%CI=(1.18,1.29),z=9.23,P<0.000 01］,and the time to relief of cough symptoms［MD=-0.85,95%CI=(-0.94,-0.77),z=19.59,P<0.000 01］ was shorter than that of the control group,and the incidence of adverse reactions［RR=0.40,95%CI=(0.27,0.60),z=4.42,P<0.000 01］ was lower than that of the control group.ConclusionThe treatment for cough variant asthma in children with modified Shegan Mahuang decoction has good efficacy and safety. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical study of traditional Chinese medicine pairs in the treatment of pediatric cough variant asthma ZHOU Ying, ZHU Haoyu. 2024, 16 (3):  197-200.  Abstract ( 95 )   PDF (1039KB) ( 12 )   Save For a long time,recurrent and long-lasting pediatric cough has been a medical problem that has plagued countless parents and doctors.As one of the characteristic treatment methods of China,the concept of drug pairs and compatibility plays a pivotal role in clinical practice.In order to make better use of the characteristic advantages of traditional Chinese medicine and provide new ideas for the clinical treatment of pediatric cough variant asthma,this study is carried out to explore the seven pairs of medicines,including ephedra-cinnamon branch for sweating and relieving,mulberry leaf-chrysanthemum for soothing and clearing lungs,tangerine peel-pinellia ternate for regulating qi and eliminating phlegm,Radix asparagi-Radix ophiopogonis for nourishing yin and moistening the lungs,Schisandra chinensis-dried ginger for warming lungs and stopping cough，bupleurum-scutellaria bacalensis for reconciling Shaoyang,and codonopsis-Astragalus membranaceus for nourishing qi and strengthening the spleen. Related Articles | Metrics

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Meta-analysis of major risk factors for asthma in Chinese children XU Shengying, TAN Chunying. 2024, 16 (3):  201-205.  Abstract ( 100 )   PDF (1234KB) ( 14 )   Save ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the main risk factors for asthma in Chinese children,and provide reference for early prevention and treatment of childhood asthma and improving prognosis.MethodsRetrieve literature researches on risk factors for childhood asthma in China published in China from January 1,2013 to June 11,2023 in CNKI,Wanfang,VIP,and CBM databases.The literature was independently searched and screened,and the data was extracted by two individuals for quality control,Use Excel and NoteExpress software to integrate and verify literature data,and use Stata software for data analysis.ResultsA total of 24 case-control studies were included for quantitative and qualitative analysis,with a case group of 4 612 cases and a control group of 5 507 cases.The Meta-analysis results showed that allergic rhinitis (OR=5.289,95%CI:2.214-12.631),a history of eczema/dermatitis (OR=4.575,95%CI:1.943-10.774),a family history of asthma (OR=3.708,95%CI:2.662-5.164),respiratory infections (OR=3.483,95%CI:2.362-5.138),and a history of passive smoking (OR=2.407,95%CI:1.984-2.920) were the risk factors for childhood asthma.ConclusionThere are many risk factors for asthma attacks in Chinese children,in which allergic rhinitis,history of eczema/dermatitis,family history of asthma,respiratory infections,and a history of passive smoking can increase the risk of asthma in children. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Sheng Lixian′s empirical formula Qingxiao Ⅰ on blood lipids and inflammatory factors in obese mice ZHENG Yuelin, CHEN Yuyan, HE Beihui 2024, 16 (3):  206-210.  Abstract ( 62 )   PDF (1037KB) ( 12 )   Save ObjectiveTo study the effect of Professor Sheng Lixian′s empirical formula Qingxiao Ⅰ on blood lipids and inflammatory factors and the related mechanisms in an obese mouse model induced by a high-fat diet.MethodsA total of 32 C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into a control group,a model group,and a low-dose and a high-dose group of Qingxiao Ⅰ,with 8 mice in each group.The model group was given a high-fat diet for 8 weeks to establish an obese mouse model.Starting from the 9th week,medication intervention was administered.The control group and model group were given equal doses of normal saline by gavage,while the low-dose and high-dose groups of Qingxiao Ⅰ were given 5.04 mg/（g·d） and 10.08 mg/（g·d） Qingxiao Ⅰ decoction by gavage,respectively.The intervention lasted for a total of 8 weeks.At the end of the 16th week,the Lee′s index was measured simultaneously in each group of mice,abdominal fat was separated,and HE staining was performed to observe the pathology.Biochemical method was used to measure the levels of serum CHOL,TG,HDL-C,LDL-C,and ELISA method was used to detect serum TNF-α and IL-6 levels.ResultsCompared with the control group,the model group mice showed significant increasein body mass,liver wet mass,Lee′s index,and visceral fat mass;serum CHOL,TG,and LDL-C levels were significantly increased,while HDL-C levels were significantly reduced;the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 increased.Compared with the model group,the body mass,liver wet mass,Lee′s index,and visceral fat mass of mice after the treatment with Qingxiao Ⅰ significantly decreased;serum CHOL,TG,and LDL-C levels significantly decreased,while HDL-C levels significantly increased;TNF-α and IL-6 levels decreased(P<0.05).ConclusionQingxiao Ⅰ can reduce serum TNF-α and IL-6 levels and regulate blood lipids,improve liver pathology,and reduce body mass,and thus have a good therapeutic effect on obese mice caused by a high-fat diet. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Fuxiong cream on pathological changes in lung tissue and inflammatory factors in serum of young rats with respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia ZHENG Bohao, ZHANG Haiying, HU Jinpeng, QIU Gonghan, HAN Ying 2024, 16 (3):  210-214.  Abstract ( 43 )   PDF (1057KB) ( 11 )   Save ObjectiveTo observe the effects of Fuxiong cream on the lung tissue and serum levels of interleukin-6(IL-6),interleukin-33(IL-33),and interferon-gamma(IFN-γ) in rats with respiratory syncytial virus(RSV) pneumonia at different time points.MethodsTotally 54 young SD rats were randomly divided into three groups:normal group,model group,and Fuxiong cream group,with 18 rats in each group.RSV was intranasally administered to induce pneumonia in the rats,and serum and lung tissue samples were collected from each group at 3,5,and 7 days after infection.Hematoxylin-eosin staining(HE staining) was used to observe pathological changes,and ELISA was used to measure the levels of IL-6,IL-33,and IFN-γ in mouse serum and lung tissue.ResultsCompared with the normal group,the levels of IL-6 and IL-33 in the model group gradually increased over time(P<0.01),while the level of IFN-γ gradually decreased(P<0.01).The lung tissue of the model group rats showed varying degrees of thickening of the alveolar wall,interstitial edema,and inflammatory cell infiltration.Compared with the model group,the levels of IL-6 and IL-33 in the Fuxiong cream group gradually decreased over time(P<0.01),while the level of IFN-γ gradually increased(P<0.01).Fuxiong Cream could alleviate the degree of alveolar wall thickening,reduce interstitial edema,and decrease inflammatory cell infiltration in rats with RSV pneumonia.ConclusionFuxiong Cream can reduce the levels of IL-6 and IL-33 in the serum of rats with RSV pneumonia,increase the level of IFN-γ,and alleviate lung tissue damage in the young rats with RSV pneumonia. Related Articles | Metrics

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Construction and validation of a prediction model for recurrent wheezing in bronchiolitis based on the fusion of clinical data and nitric oxide WU Shaoxia, SHEN Guangli, WU Haixia, LIU Jipeng, WANG Hongzhou, ZHU Meiyun. 2024, 16 (3):  215-221.  Abstract ( 44 )   PDF (1324KB) ( 7 )   Save ObjectiveTo construct a Nomogram prediction model for recurrent wheezing after bronchiolitis,providing more scientific prevention and clinical decision-making guidance for children with recurrent wheezing in clinical practice.MethodsHospitalized pediatric patients diagnosed with bronchiolitis at Linqu County People′s Hospital from January 2022 to December 2022 were selected as the study subjects.Clinical data and related indicators such as FeNO were collected.After discharge,patients were followed up for one year.According to whether recurrent wheezing occurred during the follow-up period,they were divided into an observation group(recurrent wheezing occurred) and a control group(no recurrent wheezing occurred).The two sets of parameters were screened for meaningful variables through Lasso regression and univariate logistic regression analysis,and multivariate logistic regression analysis was included to establish a Nomogram prediction model for recurrent wheezing after bronchiolitis.Use the Hosmer Lemeshow goodness of fit test to calculate the C-index and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC) to evaluate the accuracy of the model.The clinical application value of the nomogram was assessed by using decision curves.ResultsA total of 85 pediatric patients were included in this study,17 in the observation group and 68 in the control group.In general data analysis,it was found that there were intergroup differences in FeNO(P=0.048) and lymphocyte count(P=0.023).Include single factor logistic regression analysis and Lasso regression analysis separately.After adjusting for age and gender,univariate logistic regression found that the differences in FeNO(OR=1.242,95%CI (1.002,1.541)，P=0.048) and lymphocyte count (OR=1.428,95%CI (1.028,1.985)，P=0.034) were statistically significant;Lasso regression analysis showed that the λ of minimum mean square error was 0.042,and the corresponding model variables were FeNO and lymphocyte count.After establishing a Nomogram model for predicting recurrent wheezing in bronchiolitis using a multiple factor logistic regression equation,the Hosmer Lemeshow test chi square value was 3.881,P=0.868,C-index was 0.706,and the AUC of FeNO and lymphocyte count was 0.654 and 0.674,respectively,indicating that the scoring model worked well.The decision curve analysis found that the model=repeated wheezing-FeNO+lymphocyte count had good clinical application value.ConclusionThe Nomogram prediction model for recurrent wheezing after bronchiolitis established through FeNO and lymphocyte count has good clinical application value. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application progress on nasojejunal intubation in children with severe acute pancreatitis WANG Xin, MENG Yuan. 2024, 16 (3):  222-225.  Abstract ( 76 )   PDF (1052KB) ( 7 )   Save In recent years, the incidence of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) in children has gradually increased. Early enteral nutrition has been used as the main method in the treatment of children with SAP. Enteral nutrition via nasojejunal tubes can reduce pancreatic secretion, decrease complications, improve prognosis, and shorten hospital stay. This article collects and analyzes the latest research updates on various aspects such as physiological response changes during the process of pediatric nasojejunal tube placement, optimal implementation timing, indications and contraindications, and potential side effects. The aim is to provide effective academic references and practical guidance for professionals engaged in pediatric nursing during the implementation of nasojejunal intubation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Exploring the treatment for functional constipation in children based on the theory of "brain-gut axis" WANG Peng, XUE Zheng. 2024, 16 (3):  226-229.  Abstract ( 51 )   PDF (1021KB) ( 10 )   Save Functional constipation(FC) is a kind of functional intestinal disease with the main clinical manifestations of difficulty in defecation, reduced frequency of defecation or incomplete defecation, and it is one of the common and frequently-encountered diseases in pediatrics, which will seriously affect the children's quality of life and psychological health, and bring certain troubles to the children and their families. In recent years, with the gradual deepening of the research on the "brain-gut axis", more and more evidence have shown that there is a close connection between the brain and the intestine, and the "brain-gut axis" is a neuro-endogenous network system mechanism of bidirectional transportation mechanism between the brain and the gastrointestinal tract, which is composed of the central nervous system, the autonomic nervous system, and the enteric nervous system. The "brain-gut axis" as a neuro-endocrine network system consisting of the central nervous system, autonomic nervous system and enteric nervous system to liaise between the brain and the gastrointestinal tract, brain-gut peptides are able to connect and regulate the various aspects of the interaction of the "brain-gut axis", and the production development of FC is also closely related to the "brain-gut axis". In traditional Chinese medicine theory, the pathogenesis of constipation is a conduction disorder in the large intestine, and the brain and intestine are closely related. The brain resides in the upper part of the brain body, which governs the five viscera and six bowels, and the intestine resides in the lower part of the intestine, which transmits and transforms the dregs and affects the human body's qi, and when the intestine and bowels are functions smoothly, then the spirit of the government is bright mind is clear. The physiology of the brain and intestine is connected in physiology and related to each other in pathology, and the dysfunction of the brain and the intestine jointly leads to the occurrence of FC in children. Based on the theory of "brain-gut axis", and combined with Chinese medicine theory and etiology, this paper discusses the influence of "brain-gut axis" on children's FC, and analyzes the treatment for children's functional constipation based on the theory of "brain-gut axis".  Related Articles | Metrics

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Experience in the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric intussusception in a tertiary general hospital in prefecture city YANG Kun, LI Yang, ZHU Wei, LIN Jiaqing, GONG Guangwei. 2024, 16 (3):  230-233.  Abstract ( 91 )   PDF (1252KB) ( 8 )   Save ObjectiveTo analyze the data of pediatric intussusception,summarize the application value of twice air enema combined with laparoscopic surgery in the treatment of pediatric intussusception,and introduce the experience in the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric intussusception in a tertiary general hospital in prefecture city.MethodsThe clinical data of 237 cases of pediatric intussusception in the General Surgery Department (Pediatric Surgery Professional Group) of Xiaogan Central Hospital from June 2020 to June 2023 were retrospectively analyzed,and the treatment process and outcomes were summarized.ResultsThe 237 children were aged 6 months to 10 years.After the diagnosis was confirmed,air enema reduction was first performed under X-ray monitoring.After one-time air enema,195 cases (82.3%) were successfully reducted.After the failure of the first time air enema,except for one case who underwent open surgery due to severe abdominal distension and poor mental state,the remaining 41 cases underwent the second time air enema,and 28 cases were successfully reducted,with a total enema success rate of 94.1%.The 13 children who failed in the two times of enema underwent laparoscopic surgery,and 8 of them were successfully reducted under laparoscope and 5 were converted to open surgery (2 underwent manual reduction and 3 underwent intestinal resection and anastomosis).All patients recovered well and were discharged.All cases were followed up for 3 months to 3 years.Among the children who underwent successful air enema reduction,8 cases experienced recurrence,with a recurrence rate of 3.6%.All recurrent cases underwent air enema reduction successfully again,and there were no abnormalities in the follow-up of patients who underwent surgical treatment.ConclusionThe method of twice air enema combined with laparoscopic surgery has achieved good results and the success rate of enema is significantly improved.For children with unsuccessful air enema reduction who do not have high abdominal distension and can tolerate pneumoperitoneum laparoscopic surgery is the first choice.The patient has minimal trauma and fast recovery,so the method is worthy of clinical promotion in tertiary general hospitals in prefecture cities. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical study on coagulation function of children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae lobar pneumonia MA Yunhong, WANG Shuangyi, LUO Fei, ZHANG Yuan, CUI Zhengjiu, DIAO Juanjuan 2024, 16 (3):  234-238.  Abstract ( 82 )   PDF (1210KB) ( 13 )   Save ObjectiveTo study the correlation between coagulation indexes and the disease of Mycoplasma pneumoniae lobar pneumonia in children.MethodsTotally 99 children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae lobar pneumonia were collected.The following data were recorded:platelet count (PLT),international normalized ratio（INR),plasma prothrombin time(PT),PT activity,activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT),plasma fibrinogen(Fib),thrombin time,plasma D-dimer,syndrome differentiation,fever remission time,cough relief time,rale disappearance time,total duration of disease,length of hospital stay and hospitalization cost.The correlation was analyzed by multiple linear regression statistics.ResultsThere was multiple linear regression relationship between coagulation indexes and length of hospital stay,fever time and hospitalization cost(P<0.05),and the differences were statistically significant.There was a single linear regression relationship between D dimer and disease duration,plasma prothrombin time and cough relief time(P<0.05). ConclusionThere is hypercoagulation in the children with lobar pneumonia infected by Mycoplasma pneumoniae.There is a linear regression relationship between the coagulation function and the severity and prognosis of the disease. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of the clinical and genetic characteristics of a case of hypoparathyroidism ZHANG Xuesong, LIU Jianli. 2024, 16 (3):  238-242.  Abstract ( 58 )   PDF (1166KB) ( 9 )   Save The clinical data,laboratory examination and genetic diagnosis results of a case of hypoparathyroidism were retrospectively analyzed,who was admitted to the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology of Tangshan maternal and Child Health Care Hospital.The child,male,aged 11 years,visited the pediatrician due to "convulsions without fever for 1 month".Laboratory examination showed hypocalcemia,decreased PTH,prolonged Q-T interval and intracranial calcification,and the diagnosis of hypoparathyroidism was confirmed.The results of whole exome sequencing showed TBX1 gene:c.1009G>A(missense variant,novel variant),which was considered as a pathogenic gene based on clinical manifestation.Children with hypoparathyroidism often present convulsion and tetany,often accompanied by the corresponding symptoms because of the different genetic causes.Genetic detection not only benefits the accurate diagnosis of genetic causes,but also helps to further understand the relationship between clinical phenotype and genotype,thus improving the understanding of the disease in clinicians. Related Articles | Metrics

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Investigation of the medication rules of Professor Hu Tiancheng in the treatment of children with special-constitution tic disorders KONG Yueping, HUO Bixiu, ZHAO Mengjie, ZHAO Qiong. 2024, 16 (3):  243-248.  Abstract ( 120 )   PDF (1038KB) ( 7 )   Save ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to examine Professor Hu Tiancheng′s traditional Chinese medicine prescription in the management of special-constitution tic disorders in pediatric patients,analyze the drug regimen employed,summarize the underlying therapeutic concepts proposed by Professor Hu,and inherit the academic ideas of renowned Chinese medicine practitioners.MethodsThe prescriptions for pediatric patients with special-constitution tic disorders who sought treatment at Hu Tiancheng Clinic of Sichuan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine between September 2021 and September 2022 were chosen for analysis.The Chinese Medicine Inheritance Aid Platform(V3.0) was employed to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the characteristics of the prescribed medications,drug categories,and the core prescription from various perspectives.ResultsA total of 131 children were included,with a total of 248 consultations conducted.The collected data included 248 prescriptions issued,involving 125 traditional Chinese medicines.The cumulative frequency of medicines was 2 974.Chinese medicines are primarily cold,warm,and mild in nature,and pungent,bitter,and sweet in flavor.The organs commonly involved in high frequency medicines were the lungs,liver,stomach,and spleen.These medicines were often used for relieving symptoms,calming the liver,and restraining the wind.Among Stibnosis-cicada metamorphosis and almonds-houpaku were the most frequently employed combinations.By employing cluster analysis and integrating the expertise of Professor Hu in oral and face-to-face instruction,five novel formula combinations were derived,namely,Four Seven soup,Xiehuang powder flavor,nourishing blood and restraining the wind soup,Yupingfeng powder flavor,and Sanren soup with flavor.ConclusionThe approach employed by Professor Hu Tiancheng in addressing special-constitution tic disorders focuses on the concept of "dispelling external wind and stopping internal wind", while considering the aspects of nourishing the blood and resolving dampness,which can offer valuable insights for the clinical management of tic disorders. Related Articles | Metrics

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Characteristics of Chinese medicine treatment for allergic rhinitis in children based on literature mining SONG Qinli, ZHAO Jun, YANG Chuwen, JIN Ying, LU Xiaoye, SU Linpeng. 2024, 16 (3):  249-253.  Abstract ( 124 )   PDF (1318KB) ( 16 )   Save ObjectiveTo collect clinical research on the treatment for allergic rhinitis in children with traditional Chinese medicine,disassemble its prescription and medication,find the frequency of each drug,the connection and laws among drugs,and analyze the high-frequency drugs to obtain the core drugs to guide the future clinical medication.Methods(1) Search the full text database of Chinese academic journals,Chinese scientific and technology journals and Wanfang academic journals,online database of Chinese biomedical literature and Pubmed database for literature on clinical trials of "treating allergic rhinitis in children with Chinese medicine" from the establishment of the database to May 31,2022.(2) Use Note Express software for screening and rechecking,and the prescribed drugs in the literature were sorted out;(3) Use Excel to manage the data,calculate the interTCM associations using the SPSS Modeler Apriori algorithm to build the drug network;Data clustering analysis of high-frequency drugs was made by using SPSS 26.0,and the core drug dendrogram was obtained.ResultsTotally 284 articles were included,and 303 prescriptions and 195 drugs were obtained.The frequency of drug occurrence,functioning meridians of property and taste,and the association among commonly used drugs were analyzed,and 3 groups of best drug association rules and 4 clustering prescriptions were obtained.ConclusionThrough the analysis of the characteristics of drugs for allergic rhinitis in children,the clinical treatment is mainly to dispel wind and promote lung enlightenment,and tonifying lung,qi and spleen,and then differentiated treatment is performed according to the relevant clinical symptoms. Related Articles | Metrics

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Professor Liu Yushu′s clinical experience in treating adenoid hypertrophy in children(lung-spleen deficiency syndrome) ZHANG Yangling, PI Zifeng, ZHAO Jinguang, GUO Yinan. 2024, 16 (3):  254-257.  Abstract ( 63 )   PDF (1008KB) ( 10 )   Save Adenoid hypertrophy,as a common chronic disease in childhood,has attracted more and more attention from the families of pediatric patients due to its complex and recurrent condition.Professor Liu Yushu has years′ of rich experience in treating adenoid hypertrophy in children,and has unique insights into the treatment for this disease,with significant clinical effects.The clinical symptoms and quality of life of children with adenoidal hypertrophy have been greatly improved.Now,Professor Liu Yushu′s clinical experience in treating adenoidal hypertrophy in children(lung-spleen deficiency syndrome)is systematically introduced,providing new treatment methods and ideas for clinical practice. Related Articles | Metrics

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Professor Zhang Baoqing′s experience in treating children with tic disorder with Shenping decoction ZOU Zhiyun, SUI Xiaohui, ZHANG Baoqing. 2024, 16 (3):  258-261.  Abstract ( 345 )   PDF (1012KB) ( 15 )   Save The incidence of tic disorder has gradually increased in recent years， affecting the daily learning and life of children to varying degrees.In order to achieve better efficacy and reduce the adverse reactions caused by western medicine to the greatest extent， traditional Chinese medicine has gradually shown advantages in the treatment of this disease.This article introduces Professor Zhang Baoqing′s clinical experience in the treatment of children with tic disorder with Shenping decoction.Shenping decoction is from the book The Theory of Three Causes with One Prescription.Professor Zhang Baoqing believes that childhood tic disorder is located in the "liver"， which is closely related to the heart and lung， and the treatment should be based on stopping liver wind， taking the heart and lung into account.Professor Zhang combines the movement of Tiangan and the specific climate of Six Qi to flexibly use Shenping decoction in the treatment of children′s tic disorder,which has achieved remarkable effect.One case is attached for verification. Related Articles | Metrics

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Chang Ke′s experience in treating tic disorder in children based on wind,fire,phlegm,deficiency and stasis ZHANG Xu, SUN Yuan, CHANG Ke. 2024, 16 (3):  261-264.  Abstract ( 64 )   PDF (1008KB) ( 6 )   Save The incidence of tic disorder in children has been increasing year by year.The disease is recurrent and often characterized by multiple and comorbid diseases.Although the etiology and pathogenesis of tic disorder in children is caused by exogenous toxin,the root cause is wind,fire,phlegm,deficiency and stasis.Tic disorder has a variety of etiological causes and variable symptoms,and it is not caused by one organ alone,often involving five organs.Professor Chang Ke understands tic disorder in children from wind,fire,phlegm,deficiency and stasis.In view of its pathogenesis,he uses common and self-created prescriptions to treat it,and the clinical efficacy is very good.Now the treatment experience is summarized as follows,with a case attached. Related Articles | Metrics

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Exploring the TCM mechanism of tic disorder based on liver and Shaoyang constitution in children LIU Ying, ZHONG Mingxiu, SONG Bangguo, ZHANG Di 2024, 16 (3):  265-269.  Abstract ( 69 )   PDF (1028KB) ( 7 )   Save The onset of tic disorders starts in childhood and adolescence,belonging to neuropsychiatric disorders.With the development of society and the increase of external stimulation,the cases of this disease also have a trend of increase year by year.The whole process of children′s development reflects the characteristics of the liver,and children′s constitution conforms to the characteristics of the liver:if liver qi is peaceful and liver blood is sufficient,children are in normal development;if liver yang is excessive,liver yin is deficient,or liver and kidney do not coordinate,liver wind moves inside,and the symptoms of tic disorders appear.In addition,the improper management of external stimuli results in liver qi stagnation,which also produces internal changes.Based on this,the physiological characteristics of the liver and children′s physical characteristics are taken into account to explore the relationship between the two as well as the connection between the liver and other viscera,and to analyze tic disorders from the perspective of the relationship between the liver and Shaoyang constitution.The following measures has a certain guidance in the treatment of initial and prolonged difficult tic disorder:taking the liver as the main point,regulating the five organs and combining the internal treatment with external treatment together. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of Qian Yi′s academic thought of "spleen-dominating-trapped" in the diagnosis and treatment of infantile diarrhea by Professor  Qin YanhongLIU Yongqi, QIN Yanhong, ZHANG Xixi, ZHANG Xiaojie. 2024, 16 (3):  269-272.  Abstract ( 65 )   PDF (1013KB) ( 10 )   Save Childhood diarrhea is a prevalent and recurrent pediatric disease that can result in malnutrition and directly impacts the growth and development of children.It is one of the four major illnesses identified by the Ministry of Health which especially requires prevention and treatment.Professor Qin Yanhong thinks that the internal cause of diarrhea is asthenic susceptibility of spleen，which leads to the endogenous dampness，which interact with each other.If the treatment is not appropriate，the spleen and kidney Yang may fail over time，and the prognosis is poor.Combining Qian Yi′s academic thought of "spleen-dominating-trapped" with clinical experience，Prof.Qin Yanhong proposes that "spleen being trapped and wetness winning" is the key pathogenesis of infantile diarrhea.Prof.Qin develops the self-made decoction to regulate spleen by warming yang and activating the spleen，which has a good clinical effect.The purpose of this article is to introduce Professor Qin Yanhong′s understanding of the pathogenesis of infantile diarrhea "spleen being trapped wetness winning",the professor′s further development of the theory of activating spleen,as well as Professor Qin Yanhong′s clinical experience in the treatment of infantile diarrhea by using decoction for warming,combining the internal with the external treatment and by prevention and regulation.The attached case is provided for the purpose of verification. Related Articles | Metrics

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Professor Li Xinmin′s experience in treating simple hematuria in children WANG Huizhe, LI Xinmin, HAN Yaowei, LI Huanmin, YANG Shuo, WANG Ziyu. 2024, 16 (3):  273-276.  Abstract ( 72 )   PDF (1014KB) ( 10 )   Save Professor Li Xinmin′s clinical treatment for simple hematuria in children is guided by traditional Chinese medicine principles and formulas.Based on the differentiation of Wei Qi Ying Xue syndrome,Zang Fu syndrome,and San Jiao syndrome,he uses multi-dimensional syndrome differentiation as his treatment approach and seeks common points from the intersection of multiple syndrome differentiation systems.It is believed that pathogenic heat factors run through the entire process of hematuria in children,and this disease is divided into the following four types:wind heat invasion and disturbance of the kidney meridians;spleen deficiency and liver heat and blood not following meridians;spleen dysfunction and loss of overall control; heat burning inside and forced blood circulation.Corresponding treatment methods have been proposed for different types of syndromes:dispersing wind and promoting lung function,clearing upper jiao,clearing collaterals and cooling blood;soothing the liver and regulating the spleen,dispersing middle-jiao,clearing heat and cooling blood;smoothing the flow and regulating the middle,reducing the bitterness,strengthening the spleen and retaining blood;clearing heat and purging fire,harmonizing collaterals and removing blood stasis,cooling blood and stopping bleeding.Based on the unique constitution of children,the medicines with slightly bitter and slightly pungent ingredients are usually chosen to alleviate external pathogenic factors;the taste of bitterness is selected to regulate the overall qi circulation;the combination of cold,warm,dry,and moisturizing drugs are chosen to be in line with the characteristics of the organs.Based on the four elements of pathogenesis,the properties and flavors of drugs are flexibly used to cleverly coordinate the functions of the organs and regulate the qi of the organs,not sticking to the current syndrome state of the disease,but using a dynamic dialectical approach,which leads to a more advantageous treatment plan for the disease from the aspects of treatment method combination and drug compatibility.It has been clinically proven to have significant therapeutic effects,and is supported by one typical medical case. Related Articles | Metrics